FRANK Solutions for Class 10 Biology Chapter 8 - Excretory System

Chapter 8 - Excretory System Exercise 97

Question 1

What is excretion? Give names of excretory organs.

Solution 1

Separation and elimination of the metabolic nitrogenous wastes from the body is called excretion.
Kidneys, skin and lungs are important excretory organs.

Question 2

Give names of common excretory products in humans.

Solution 2

Carbon dioxide (CO₂) and urine

Question 3

Why the conversion of ammonia to urea is essential in human body?

Solution 3

Ammonia is toxic in even small amounts and therefore it must be removed from the body. The urea cycle or the orinithin cycle, in the liver, involves the conversion of ammonia into urea. Then the urea is then transported to the kidneys where it is excreted.

Question 4

What is the function of a nephron?

Solution 4

Nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.
Its chief function is to regulate the concentration of water and soluble substances like sodium salts by filtering the blood, reabsorbing what is needed and excreting the rest as urine.

Question 5

Solution 5

Chapter 8 - Excretory System Exercise 98

Question 1

Choose the correct answer:
(i) Composition of extracellular fluid is regulated by
(a)    kidney        (b)    brain
(c)    lungs          (d)    thyroid
(ii) Uric acid is excreted by
(a)    pigeon        (b)    frog
(c)    rabbit          (d)    man
(iii) Presence of RBCs in urine is called
(a)    pyuria        (b)    glycosuria
(c)    haematuria  (d)    albuminuria
(iv) A condition of failure of kidney to form urea is called
(a)    creatine    (b)    hematuria
(c)    keturia      (d)    anuria
(v) What happens if one kidney is removed from the body of human being?
(a)    Death due to poisoning    (b)    Uraemia and death
(c)    Stoppage of urination      (d)    Nothing will happen
(vi) Orinithin cycle operates in
(a)    liver        (b)    stomach
(c)    pancreas  (d)    oral cavity
(vii) Physiologically urea is produced by the action of an enzyme
(a)    uricose      (b)    urease
(c)    arginase    (d)    none
(viii) Vitamin excreted through urine in mammals is
(a)    vitamin A    (b)    vitamin C
(c)    vitamin D    (d)    vitamin K
(ix) Excess proteins are converted into urea in
(a)    lungs          (b)    liver
(c)    kidneys       (d)    intestine
(x) The smallest functional unit of the kidney is
(a)    glomerulus  (b)    Bowman's capsule
(c)    nephron      (d)    collecting tubule
(xi) Narrow apex of pyramid in kidney is called
(a)    pelvis                 (b)    renal papilla
(c)    column of Bertini  (d)    duct of Bellini

Solution 1

(i) (a) kidney
(ii) (a) pigeon
(iii) (c) haematuria
(iv) (d) anuria
(v) (d) Nothing will happen
(vi) (a) liver
(vii) (b) urease
(viii) (b) vitamin C
(ix) (b) liver
(x) (c) nephron
(xi) (b) renal papilla

Question 2

What is dialysis?

Solution 2

Dialysis is a process of separation of toxic substances from the blood stream through a membrane by kidney machine or artificial kidney.

Question 3

Name the following:
(i) Animals which excrete ammonia.
(ii) Animals which eliminate urea.
(iii) Animals which excrete uric acid.
(iv) Organ which produces urea.
(v) Functional unit of kidney.
(vi) Organ which stores urine.
(vii) Organ where ultrafiltration occurs.

Solution 3

(i) Ammonotelic.
(ii) Ureotelic.
(iii) Uricotelic.
(iv) Liver.
(v) Nephron.
(vi) Urinary Bladder.
(vii) Glomerulus.

Question 4

Choose the odd one out in the following series:
(i) Proximal convoluted duct, loop of Henle, vein.
(ii) Kidney, ureter, heart
(iii) Urea, uric acid, haemoglobin.
(iv) Glomerulus, alveoli, bronchi.
(v) Renal fat, renal capsule, nerve.
(vi) Column of Bertini, minora calyces, brain.

Solution 4

(i) Vein
(ii) Heart
(iii) Haemoglobin
(iv) Glomerulus
(v) Nerve
(vii) Brain

Question 5

Solution 5

(i) Separation and elimination of the metabolic nitrogenous wastes from the body is called excretion.
(ii) Nephron.
(iii) The cortex of kidney shows dotted appearance because it contains numerous complex structures called nephrons.
(iv) Formation of urine and osmoregulation are important functions of kidney.