tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-33098539359941902062024-03-13T03:08:46.146-07:00Frank textbook Solutions by myhelpertkmyhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.comBlogger160125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-65508431807280127932020-03-23T04:09:00.002-07:002020-03-23T04:09:40.943-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 23 - Safe Disposal of Wastes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 23 - Safe Disposal of Wastes</h2>
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<h1>
Chapter 23 - Safe Disposal of Wastes Exercise 212</h1>
<div class="txtbkwrap">
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg212">
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the most important steps in waste management?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
The important steps in waste management are:<br />
(i) Dematerialization of production by reducing the amount of raw materials use and energy used in production.<br />
(ii) Recycling wastes back into the production process.<br />
(iii) Recovery of some ingredients and / or treatment of wastes.<br />
(iv) Dispersal, dumping or storage.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two-ecofriendly ways of treating kitchen wastes.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
The two ecofriendly ways of treating kitchen wastes are : <br />
1. Composting<br />
2. Segregation of wet and dry waste.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two benefits of composting.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Two benefits of composting are:<br />
(i) It is an eco-friendly method of disposing wet garbage from households and biomass wastes from gardens.<br />
(ii) The compost obtained acts as rich organic manure for the garden plants.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Each question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Sewage water is purified by<br />
(a) microorganisms<br />
(b) light<br />
(c) fishes<br />
(d) aquatic plants<br />
(ii) Composting is carried out from<br />
(a) sewage sludge<br />
(b) rubbish<br />
(c) industrial wastes<br />
(d) garbage and sewage sludge<br />
(iii) Sewage sludge is used as<br />
(a) manure<br />
(b) biogas generators<br />
(c) both (a) and (b)<br />
(d) tipping<br />
(iv) Sewage is broken down in<br />
(a) primary treatment<br />
(b) secondary treatment<br />
(c) tertiary treatment<br />
(d) all the above</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) microorganisms<br />
(ii) (d) garbage and sewage sludge<br />
(iii) (c) both (a) and (b)<br />
(iv) (b) secondary treatment</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two advantages of garbage incineration.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Two advantages of garbage incineration are:<br />
(i) Incineration reduces the weight and volume of the waste by as much as 95%.<br />
(ii) It helps in the treatment of clinical wastes and toxic pathogens.<br />
(iii) It is designed in such a way that it can be also used to produce electricity.<br />
(Write any two)</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is sewage water treated?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Sewage water is treated in three steps:<br />
(i) Primary treatment - In this, the coarse and fine suspended , solids are removed by sedimentation, coagulation and precipitation.<br />
(ii) Secondary treatment - It is essentially a biological treatment process which involves the removal of colloidal and dissolved organic substances and some toxic chemicals.<br />
(iii) Tertiary treatment - Here, excess nutrients are removed to allow the reuse of that water.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the working of an electrostatic precipitator.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Safe Disposal Of Wastes" height="388" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/149362_sw37.GIF" width="587" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is segregation?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Segregation is the separation of wet and dry wastes in order to dispose them safely. <br />
Household wastes consist of organic biodegradable matter as well as non-biodegradable matter. They should be segregated from each other using separate bins. Wherever possible, the non-biodegradable matter is recycled and used. <br />
The organic biodegradable matter i.e. wet waste must be separated from other dry wastes. They are collected by municipal workers and transported to a landfill.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two uses of incineration.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Two uses of incineration are:<br />
(i) Incineration reduces the weight and volume of the waste by as much as 95%.<br />
(ii) It helps to destroy pathogens and toxins using high temperature, thereby playing role in the treatment of clinical wastes and certain hazardous wastes.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the methods of disposal of liquid wastes.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Most liquid wastes contain both dissolved and suspended matters. Treatment of such effluent involves the removal of contaminants and is done to prevent any adverse effects on receiving water or allow its reuse. Three steps are usually followed in the treatment of effluents:<br />
Sewage water is treated in three steps:<br />
(i) Primary treatment - In this, the coarse and fine suspended solids are removed by sedimentation, coagulation and precipitation.<br />
(ii) Secondary treatment - It is essentially a biological treatment process which involves removal of colloidal and dissolved organic substances and some toxic chemicals.<br />
(iii) Tertiary treatment - Here, excess nutrients are removed to allow the reuse of that water.</div>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter - Exercise </h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
</div>
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<br /></div>
myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-8906030083657296962020-03-23T04:08:00.003-07:002020-03-23T04:08:31.967-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 22 - Sources of Waste<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 22 - Sources of Waste</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 22 - Sources of Waste Exercise 208</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two examples of domestic wastes.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Examples of domestic waste are left over food items, faeces and urine, broken nails. (Write any two)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the importance of sound sewage system.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Sound sewage system prevents environmental pollution and requires efficient management of collection, treatment and recycling or safe disposal of sewage. It also prevents serious health hazards including viral and bacterial disease transmission.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the environmental impacts of construction due to growing urbanization and development?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Due to growing urbanization and development, large quantities of waste is generated due to construction work, some of which includes building materials used for insulation, broken nails, electrical wiring, switches, bulbs, wood, rubble etc. Many hazardous wastes such as lead, asbestos, paints etc. are also generated by construction units. All these lead to environmental pollution. Also there is the problem of disposing off these wastes safely without harming the environment.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you mean by e-waste?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
E-waste or electronic waste refers to loosely discarded, surplus, obsolete, or broken electronic or electrical devices.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two examples of e-waste.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Discarded computers and broken cell phones</div>
</div>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name two biodegradable wastes from offices.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Used paper and old furniture</div>
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Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
What does mining waste comprise of? What hazards do they pose to environment?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Mining waste includes waste generated during the extraction, beneficiation and processing of minerals. This comprises slimes, gangue, tailing piles and leach residues.<br />
Hazards posed by mining include:<br />
(a) Release of harmful gases such as methane.<br />
(b) Elimination of existing vegetation and destruction of the genetic profile of soil.<br />
(c) Continuous mining at a place can displace or destroy wildlife and habitat.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you mean by industrial wastes?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Waste that is produced by any industrial activity such as that from factories, mills and mines is called industrial waste.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Each question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Most harmful type of environmental pollutants are<br />
(a) human organic wastes<br />
(b) natural nutrients in excess<br />
(c) waste animal feed<br />
(d) non-biodegradable chemicals<br />
(ii) Continuous sewage flow into a stream would lead to<br />
(a) eutrophication<br />
(b) algal bloom<br />
(c) depletion of oxygen<br />
(d) increase in temperature<br />
(iii) Pollution can be checked through<br />
(a) reducing discharge of waste<br />
(b) increasing industrial development<br />
(c) throwing wastes in open spaces<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(iv) Domestic waste constitutes<br />
(a) non-biodegradable pollution<br />
(b) biodegradable pollution<br />
(c) effluents<br />
(d) air pollution<br />
(v) Which one is biological in sewage treatment?<br />
(a) primary treatment<br />
(b) secondary treatment<br />
(c) tertiary treatment<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(vi) Biodegradable pollutant is<br />
(a) plastic<br />
(b) asbestos<br />
(c) sewage<br />
(d) mercury<br />
(vii) Which one is most toxic?<br />
(a) Carbon<br />
(b) CO<br />
(c) CO<sub>2</sub><br />
(d) SO<sub>2</sub><br />
(viii) Fish die in water bodies polluted by sewage due to<br />
(a) pathogens<br />
(b) clogging of gills by silt<br />
(c) reduction in oxygen<br />
(d) foul smell<br />
(ix) Huge quantity of sewage is dumped in a river. The BOD will<br />
(a) increase<br />
(b) decrease<br />
(c) slightly decrease<br />
(d) remain uncharged<br />
(x) BOD is<br />
(a) Biological Oxygen Deficit<br />
(b) Biosphere Oxygen Demand<br />
(c) Biological Oxygen Demand<br />
(d) All the above</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d)Non-biodegradable chemicals<br />
(ii) (a) Eutrophication<br />
(iii) (a) reducing discharge of waste<br />
(iv) (b) biodegradable pollution<br />
(v) (b) secondary treatment<br />
(vi) (c) sewage<br />
(vii) (b) CO<br />
(viii) (c) reduction in oxygen<br />
(ix) (a) increase<br />
(x) (c) Biological Oxygen Demand</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a waste?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Waste is a product of human activity, generated from a great variety of sources.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is garbage?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Garbage refers to refuse consisting largely of easily decomposable and putrefying organic (animal and vegetable) waste.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two examples of commercial waste.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
Waste paper, empty printer cartridges, boxes and packaging, scrap metal etc.<br />
(Write any two)</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the basic sources of wastes?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
The basic sources of waste are:<br />
(i) Kitchen<br />
(ii) Industry<br />
(iii) Agricultural land<br />
(iv) Municipality<br />
(v) Offices</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
What kind of waste causes viral and bacterial disease transmission?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
Human waste</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name one kind of industry that produces hazardous wastes?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
Construction unit</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
What does sewage comprise of?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
Sewage is a complex mixture of many distinctive chemicals. It has high concentrations of ammonium nitrate, phosphorous and many dissolved solids.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 17</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the hazardous wastes generated from agricultural wastes?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 17</div>
<div class="solncont">
Crop residues, fertilizers, insecticides, herbicides and farmyard waste.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
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<br /></div>
myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-1799141683405234192020-03-23T04:07:00.000-07:002020-03-23T04:07:03.559-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 21 - Health: Personal and Social<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2>
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 21 - Health: Personal and Social</h2>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg203">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 21 - Health: Personal and Social Exercise 203</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is hygiene? Give major aspects of personal hygiene.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Hygiene is the science of preserving and promoting good health.<br />
The major aspects of personal hygiene are:<br />
(i) Cleanliness<br />
(ii) Physical exercise<br />
(iii) Rest and sleep<br />
(iv) Healthy habits <br />
(v) Balanced diet</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Suggest any three methods for controlling mosquitoes.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Three ways of controlling mosquitoes are:<br />
(i) Mosquitoes can be controlled by spraying liquid insecticides like flit or D.D.T. <br />
(ii) The breeding places of mosquitoes are sprayed with petroleum oils. The oil-film formed on the surface of water is toxic to the mosquito larvae.<br />
(iii) Mosquito-repellents like mosquito cream, citronella, odomos and indalone help to keep mosquitoes away and protect us from getting bitten.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Health Personal And Social" height="334" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152982_sw64.GIF" width="437" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Raticide - Insecticide<br />
Culex - Encephalitis<br />
Rat flea - Plague<br />
DDT - Contamination<br />
Housefly - Filaria<br />
Cockroach - Gastroenteritis<br />
Cholera - Vibrio<br />
Giardia - Protozoan<br />
Faeces - Cholera</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe at least four healthy habits which one should develop.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
The healthy habits one should develop are:<br />
(i) Eating a balanced diet. A diet in adequate quantity and well-balanced, protects a person from several diseases and keeps him fit to work with efficiency.<br />
(ii) Getting sound sleep by waking up and sleeping at the regular times<br />
(iii) Avoiding smoking and drinking of alcohol<br />
(iv) Having proper control over emotions like anger and hatred.</div>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
How does personal cleanliness help to keep off diseases?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Maintaining personal cleanliness prevents us from getting infected with germs, thereby keeping us healthy. <br />
Example - Our hands handle variety of things which may contain pathogens left by other infected persons. If these germs are not removed, they may enter our body and cause diseases. Hence it is important to wash hands with soap at regular intervals and especially before eating and after going to toilet.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the following:<br />
(a) Flies should not be allowed to sit on edible things.<br />
(b) Hands must be cleaned thoroughly before eating food.<br />
(c) We should not put on other persons cloths.<br />
(d) We should breathe through our nose only.<br />
(e) Our kitchen should be free from flies and cockroaches.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Flies transmit germs of many diseases and hence they should not be allowed to sit on edible things to prevent the spread of diseases.<br />
(b) Our hands handle variety of things which may contain pathogens left by other infected persons. If these germs are not removed, they may enter our body and cause diseases. Hence it is important to wash hands with soap before eating to prevent spread of diseases.<br />
(c) Clothes of another person may contain germs of various diseases left by that person. Wearing those clothes could cause the transmission of the disease to us. Hence it is not advisable to wear other people's clothes.<br />
(d) Nose has hair and mucus to filter the air coming through it while breathing. This traps dust, germs and other foreign particles and prevents them from reaching the lungs. Hence we should always breathe through nose.<br />
(e) Flies and cockroaches transmit germs of many diseases. Hence they should be kept away from our kitchens so as to prevent spread of diseases.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name any two disease carries and also suggest methods of their control.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Cockroaches. They can easily be controlled by spraying D.D.T., malathione or commercially available sprays like baygon etc.<br />
(ii) Flies. They can be controlled in following ways:<br />
(a) Removing human faeces, stable manure and garbage at regular intervals and disposing them off<br />
(b) Killing adult flies by using fly swatters, spraying D.D.T, chlordane etc. or some other chemicals like pyrethrum, B.H.C etc.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Why is it important for proper disposal of human excreta?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
If human excreta are not properly disposed off, the bacteria inhabiting the gut may reach open water bodies and make it contaminated. Such contaminated water when consumed can cause serious diseases, even fatal ones. Hence it is highly important to properly dispose human excreta.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the following:<br />
(a) Any disease caused by rats.<br />
(b) Any two diseases transmitted by housefly.<br />
(c) The chemical by which you can kill rats.<br />
(d) Name of diseases caused by cockroach.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Plague <br />
(b) Cholera and dysentery<br />
(c) Zinc phosphate<br />
(d) Gastroenteritis, dysentery</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the two common kinds of mosquitoes and the disease they transmit.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
The common mosquitoes are Anopheles, Culex and Aedes. Diseases transmitted by these mosquitoes are malaria, yellow fever, dengue, filariasis, encephalitis and dermatobia.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the importance of one's own towel and comb?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Using one's own towel and comb prevents spread of diseases. Towel used by another person may contain germs of diseases if the person is infected. This may get transmitted to us. Also using comb of another person may transmit lice and other organisms present on another person's head to ours.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg204">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 21 - Health: Personal and Social Exercise 204</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is contamination of water?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Contamination of water is the addition of any substance, natural or synthetic that enters the water making it unfit for human use or that of animals too.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is water contaminated?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Water is contaminated by microbes when animal or human faecal waste or urine is disposed off in near or in water bodies.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Is it safe to consume contaminated water? If not, why?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
No. If contaminated water is consumed, it can cause serious diseases, even fatal ones.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write short notes on<br />
(a) Cholera<br />
(b) Typhoid<br />
(c) Amoebiasis<br />
(d) Giardiasis<br />
(e) Hepatitis</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Cholera - It is caused by Vibrio cholera. It is caused by consuming contaminated water or food. The patient passes frequent white watery stools and has repeated vomiting. Several preventive measures can be taken to prevent spread of cholera like anticipatory inoculations, consuming boiled water, health education, isolation of infected person etc.<br />
(b) Typhoid - It is caused by the bacterium Salmonella typhi I . Infection occurs through consuming of contaminated food and water. Symptoms include headache, high fever, tender and distended abdomen, diarrhea with water green stools and eruption of rash on body of patient. <br />
Prevention methods include proper sanitation and disposal of faecal matter and vaccination.<br />
(c) Amoebiasis - It is caused by a protozoa, Entamoeba Histolytica. It is commonly spread by water contaminated by faeces or from food served by contaminated hands. Symptoms include - lower abdominal pain, diarrhoea and later develop dysentery and fever.<br />
Prevention methods include proper sanitation and drinking clean water.<br />
(d) Giardiasis - It is caused by the protozoan flagellate Giardia intestinalis, which lives in upper parts of human intestine. It perches on living cells of intestinal wall with adhesive discs, absorbing nutrition from food passing by, growing and multiplying. They interfere with digestion, causing pain, diarrhea, headache and fever. Preventive measures include consuming boiled water, maintaining hygiene and sanitation as well as practicing personal hygiene.<br />
(e) Hepatitis - It is caused by hepatitis virus. There are six varieties hepatitis A, B, C, D, E and F. Symptoms include enlarged liver in early stage, fever, anorexia, vomiting, epigastric, discomfort, pain in muscles and joints. Later on liver becomes smaller and yellowish or greenish. Some forms of hepatitis spreads through contaminated water and food whereas others spread through body fluids.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Community health service includes<br />
(a) School and health education<br />
(b) hygienic environment<br />
(c) Control of communicable disease<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(ii) Community health aims at<br />
(a) care of the infants and old<br />
(b) care of uniforms<br />
(c) Health for all<br />
(d) improving children's health<br />
(iii) Mosquitoes larvae can be controlled by using:<br />
(a) Salmon fish<br />
(b) Gambusia<br />
(c) Dog fish<br />
(d) none of the above</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d) All the above<br />
(ii) (c) Health for all<br />
(iii) (b) Gambusia</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br /></div>
myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-19725241762599290312020-03-23T04:06:00.001-07:002020-03-23T04:06:21.881-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 20 - Health: Causes of Diseases<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 20 - Health: Causes of Diseases</h2>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg191">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 20 - Health: Causes of Diseases Exercise 191</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(a) Disease<br />
(b) Pathogen<br />
(c) Infection<br />
(d) Incubation period</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Disease is the stage when body or any part of it shows some disturbance in normal functions.<br />
(b) Pathogen refers to any disease causing organism.<br />
(c) Infection refers to the pathological state resulting from the invasion of the body by pathogenic microorganisms.<br />
(d) Incubation period refers to the period between exposure to an infection and the appearance of the first symptoms.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg192">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 20 - Health: Causes of Diseases Exercise 192</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write the full forms of AIDS. Name the causative germ. How is this disease transmitted?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Full form of AIDS is Acquired Immuno Deficiency Syndrome. <br />
It is caused by Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV)<br />
AIDS is transmitted in the following ways:<br />
(i) Sexual intercourse with the suffering from AIDS.<br />
(ii) Transfusion of the AIDS infected blood.<br />
(iii) New born child born from the infected mother.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Health Causes Of Diseases" height="308" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153562_sw72.GIF" width="504" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Degenerative diseases - Rheumatic <br />
Diabetes - Insulin<br />
AIDS - HIV virus<br />
Cholera - Bacterial disease<br />
Influenza - Viral disease<br />
Mosquito - Vector<br />
Elephantiasis - Filaria</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks:<br />
(a) A reaction caused by the body to some foreign is called ______.<br />
(b) The causative agent of malaria is a _______.<br />
(c) Small pox is caused by ______ whereas diphtheria is caused by ______.<br />
(d) Rabies is a disease ______.<br />
(e) Filariasis is caused by ______.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) allergy<br />
(b) Plasmodium<br />
(c) virus, bacteria<br />
(d) caused by virus<br />
(e) Wuchereria bancrofti</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between the following pairs:<br />
(a) Endemic and Pandemic disease.<br />
(b) Sporodic and Epidemic disease.<br />
(c) Infectious and non-infectious disease.<br />
(d) Congenital and Acquired disease.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Health Causes Of Diseases" height="437" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153582_sw73.GIF" width="643" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Answer the following:<br />
(a) Three diseases caused by bacteria.<br />
(b) The category of germs which causes rabies, small pox and mumps.<br />
(c) Name of the disease spread by dog.<br />
(d) Two diseases caused by parasitic worms.<br />
(e) Any two degenerative diseases.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Typhoid, cholera, tetanus<br />
(b) Viruses<br />
(c) Rabies<br />
(d) Filariasis, Ascariasis<br />
(e) Arthritis, diabetes</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
State whether the following statements are True or False:<br />
(a) Anopheles mosquito spread elephantiasis marked by swelling of lower limbs.<br />
(b) Gonorrhoea is a disease which is caused which is caused by bacterium tryponema palladium.<br />
(c) Allergy is due to hypersentiveness of tissue to certain substances.<br />
(d) Goitre is endemic in sub-himalayan region of India.<br />
(e) AIDS is caused by bacteria.<br />
(f) Plague is epidemic disease.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) False<br />
(b) False<br />
(c) True<br />
(d) True <br />
(e) False<br />
(f) True</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Each question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Which one of the following is a hormonal disease?<br />
(a) Diabetes<br />
(b) Haemophilia<br />
(c) Allergy<br />
(d) Scurvy<br />
(ii) Dehydration results from<br />
(a) pneumonia<br />
(b) measles<br />
(c) rabies<br />
(d) cholera<br />
(iii) Elephantiasis is caused by<br />
(a) Entamoeba<br />
(b) filaria<br />
(c) Aspergillus<br />
(d) rabied dog<br />
(iv) Which of the following diseases has been eradicated?<br />
(a) Plague<br />
(b) Small pox<br />
(c) Poliomyelities<br />
(d) kala-azar<br />
(v) A viral disease is<br />
(a) Cancer<br />
(b) leukaemia<br />
(c) Typhoid<br />
(d) yellow fever<br />
(vi) Cancer is<br />
(a) Non-malignant tumour<br />
(b) controlled division of cells<br />
(c) Uncontrolled division of cells<br />
(d) viral infection</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) Diabetes<br />
(ii) (d) Cholera<br />
(iii) (b) filarial<br />
(iv) (b) Smallpox<br />
(v) (d) yellow fever<br />
(vi) (c) Uncontrolled division of cells</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write short notes on the following:<br />
(a) Communicable diseases<br />
(b) Non-communicable diseases<br />
(c) Epidemic diseases<br />
(d) Sporadic diseases.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Communicable diseases are the diseases which spread by different organisms such as bacteria, virus and fungi. These are transmitted from one person to another. Example - Flu, malaria, syphilis.<br />
(b) Non-communicable diseases - These diseases are not transferred from one person to another. They are of different types like allergy, nutritional deficiencies, degenerated diseases, cancer and mental diseases. Example - Arthritis, hypertension<br />
(c) Epidemic diseases - These diseases spread rapidly and affect a large number of people at a time. Example - Spread of plague in Surat in 1994.<br />
(d) Sporadic diseases - This refers to a type when there are scattered individual cases of a disease.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name three bacterial diseases with their causal organisms.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Pneumonia - Diplococcus pneumonia<br />
Tetanus - Clostridium tetani<br />
Whooping cough - Haemophilus pertussis</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name any two human diseases caused by viruses. Give their symptoms and methods of treatment.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Influenza - <br />
Symptoms - Symptoms begin with headache, cold, sneezing, nose clogging, pain in hands, feet and waist. Watery discharge from nose and eyes makes patient restless and weak. <br />
Method of treatment - Increased immunity is the best remedy. Penicillin, streptopenicillin and gamma globulin lower the effect of this disease. Eucalyptus oil should be applied on nose. During high fever, ice fermenting should be done as well as liquid food given.<br />
(ii) Polio -<br />
Symptoms - Symptoms commence 7-12 days after infection. These include infection of throat and intestines, muscle stiffness in neck and back.<br />
Treatment - Vaccine of polio is more effective in children. Oral polio drops are also given to children.</div>
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Question 11</div>
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What do you understand by infectious disease? Discuss any one disease.</div>
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Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Infectious diseases are the diseases which spread by different organisms such as bacteria, virus and fungi. These are transmitted from one person to another.<br />
Influenza is a highly infectious viral disease. This disease spreads quickly from one person to the next. The virus is transmitted from the patient to the other person while the patient is coughing, sneezing, laughing or speaking. This is also transmitted by contaminated towel and handkerchief. <br />
Symptoms - Symptoms begin with headache, cold, sneezing, nose clogging, pain in hands, feet and waist. Watery discharge from nose and eyes makes patient restless and weak. <br />
Method of treatment - Increased immunity is the best remedy. Penicillin, streptopenicillin and gamma globulin lower the effect of this disease. Eucalyptus oil should be applied on nose. During high fever, ice fermenting should be done as well as liquid food given.</div>
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Question 12</div>
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Write a brief account on the following diseases:<br />
(a) Tuberculosis<br />
(b) Diphtheria<br />
(c) Influenza<br />
(d) Measles<br />
(e) Malaria<br />
(f) Filaria.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Tuberculosis: It is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It affects bones, intestine, brain and other organs. Symptoms include restlessness in the beginning, loss of appetite, pain in chest and increase in heart beat. Treatment includes taking medicines like P.A.S. and thioacetazone.<br />
(b) Diptheria: It is a communicable disease caused by Corynebacterium diptheriae. In most of the people, this is caused by droplet infection, coughing and spitting. Symptoms are high fever, weakness and swelling in the throat. Patients should be treated with anti-toxin injection. Children should be vaccinated with DPT.<br />
(c) Influenza: Influenza is a highly infectious viral disease. This disease spreads quickly from one person to the next. The virus is transmitted from the patient to the other person while the patient is coughing, sneezing, laughing or speaking. This is also transmitted by contaminated towel and handkerchief. <br />
Symptoms - Symptoms begin with headache, cold, sneezing, nose clogging, pain in hands, feet and waist. Watery discharge from nose and eyes makes patient restless and weak. <br />
Method of treatment - Increased immunity is the best remedy. Penicillin, streptopenicillin and gamma globulin lower the effect of this disease. Eucalyptus oil should be applied on nose. During high fever, ice fermenting should be done as well as liquid food given.<br />
(d) Measles: It is a highly infectious viral disease. It usually affects children. Symptoms include - suddenly high fever, red eyes and oozing of water from eyes. Fever, cough and rashes appear on the third day. After 2 to 3 days temperature goes down. Treatment includes complete rest, clothes and towels should be washed in boiling water. Endomonstan B-vaccine is the best treatment.<br />
(e) Malaria: This disease is caused by parasitic protozoa, Plasmodium. The disease is transmitted from one person to another by female anopheles mosquitoes. The symptoms are followed by high fever, temperature rises on alternate days. Sweating is followed by lowering of body temperature. Besides this patient feels headache, nausea and vomit. <br />
This disease is treated by medicines like chloroquine, deraprin, etc.<br />
(f) Filaria: It is caused by filarial worm, Wuchereria bancrofti. This disease is transmitted by mosquito. Symptoms include - irritation, blockage of lymphatic ducts and fever. This disease can be treated with an arsenic medicine for adult worms.</div>
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Question 13</div>
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What are the symptoms of diabetes insipidus?</div>
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Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
The symptoms of diabetes insipidus are:<br />
(i) Excessive urination, but urine does not contain sugar at all<br />
(ii) Increased frequency in urination<br />
(iii) Progressive weakness<br />
(iv) Increased appetite<br />
(v) Loss of weight<br />
(vi) Excessive thirst</div>
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Question 14</div>
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List various organisms (atleast 5) which cause human disease.</div>
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Solution 14</div>
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Diplococcus pneumonia, Clostridium tetani, Ascaris lumbricoides, Plasmodium species, HIV virus</div>
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Question 15</div>
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What are the main causes of human heart diseases?</div>
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Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
The main causes of human heart diseases are:<br />
(i) Body overweight<br />
(ii) Birth defects of the heart<br />
(iii) Deposition of cholesterol resulting in arteriosclerosis<br />
(iv) Severe infections<br />
(v) Excessive use of coffee, tobacco etc.<br />
(vi) Malfunctioning of some of the endocrine glands</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-92366810724678422020-03-23T04:05:00.002-07:002020-03-23T04:05:32.346-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 19 - Respiratory System<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 19 - Respiratory System</h2>
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Chapter 19 - Respiratory System Exercise 176</h2>
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Question 1</div>
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Define respiration. Why is respiration essential for life?</div>
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Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Respiration: It is a process of release of energy from food substances such as glucose and fats under the control of enzymes, to carry out life processes, by the living organisms.<br />
Respiration is essential for life as energy produced during this process is utilized by the organisms to carry out various biological activities.</div>
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Question 2</div>
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What is internal respiration?</div>
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Solution 2</div>
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Internal respiration: It is the transport of oxygen in the blood from the lungs to the cells and the transport of carbon dioxide from the tissue cells into the blood and to the lungs.</div>
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Question 3</div>
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Discuss respiratory quotient (R.Q.).</div>
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Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Respiratory quotient (RQ): It is the ratio of CO<sub>2</sub> output to O<sub>2</sub> uptake. It is denoted by R.<br />
R = Rate of CO<sub>2</sub> output / Rate of O<sub>2</sub> uptake<br />
RQ for carbohydrate = 1.00<br />
RQ for fat = 0.70<br />
RQ for protein = 0.85</div>
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Question 4</div>
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Name the following:<br />
(i) Anterior most part of nasal chamber bearing hairs.<br />
(ii) Sound producing organ.<br />
(iii) Miniature lungs.<br />
(iv) A film covering the alveoli of lungs and lowers the surface tension.<br />
(v) High breathing rate.<br />
(vi) Painful breathing.<br />
(vii) No breathing.<br />
(viii) Low breathing rate.<br />
(ix) Body cavity in which lungs are situated.</div>
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Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Vestibule<br />
(ii) Larynx<br />
(iii) Alveoli<br />
(iv) Lecithin<br />
(v) Hyperpnea<br />
(vi) Dyspnea<br />
(vii) Apnea<br />
(viii) Hypopnea<br />
(ix) Thoracic cavity</div>
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Question 5</div>
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Complete the following statements by choosing the correct alternative from those given in brackets.<br />
(i) The protective covering of the lung ______.(pericardium, pleura, renal fat)<br />
(ii) Normal breathing is termed as ______. (eupnea, apnea, Dyspnea)<br />
(iii) Tidal volume is ______. (eupnea, apnea, dyspnea)<br />
(iv) R.Q. for fat is ______. (1200 cc, 500 cc, 5000 cc)<br />
(v) Net gain of complete cellular respiration of carbohydrate ______. (2 ATP, 34 ATP, 38 ATP)</div>
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Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Pleura<br />
(ii) Eupnea<br />
(iii) 500 cc<br />
(iv) 0.70<br />
(v) 38 ATP</div>
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Question 6</div>
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<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiratory System" height="209" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152472_sw61.GIF" width="307" /></div>
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Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Larynx = To produce voice<br />
(ii) Alveoli = To increase the surface area for exchange of gases.<br />
(iii) Conchae = It is also called turbinate and its function is to increase the surface area so that the dust particles can be removed and air become humidified.<br />
(iv) Epiglottis = It closes the glottis during swallowing of food.<br />
(v) Lecithin covering = It lowers the surface tension and keeps the alveoli open.<br />
(vi) Cartilaginous rings = It prevents the collapsing of trachea.</div>
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Question 7</div>
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Note the relationship between first two words and suggest the suitable word for the fourth place.<br />
(i) Lungs __ Respiration, Alveoli __ ______.<br />
(ii) Nasal Chamber __ Accliamatization, Larynx __ ______.<br />
(iii) Olfactory Chamber __ small, Thoracic Cage __ ______.</div>
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Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Alveoli - Gaseous exchange<br />
(ii) Larynx - Sound production<br />
(iii) Thoracic cage - Breathing</div>
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Question 8</div>
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Give the structure of nasal chamber.</div>
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Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Structure of nasal chamber: <br />
The nasal chamber is divided into left and right chambers by nasal septum. Each chamber is divided into three regions -<br />
(i) Vestibule: It is the anterior most part of nasal chambers bearing hairs which filters the dust particles.<br />
(ii) Respiratory region: It is rich in mucous glands and marked by nasal turbinates which traps the dust and humidify the air.<br />
(iii) Olfactory chamber: It is lined by olfactory epithelium which sense the smell.</div>
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Question 9</div>
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What are turbinates? What are their functions?</div>
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Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Turbinates: The respiratory region of nasal chamber is marked by three nasal turbinates.These are Ethmoturbinate, nasoturbinate and maxilloturbinates.<br />
Function of turbinates: It increases the surface area, so that dust particles can be removed and air become humidified.</div>
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Question 10</div>
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What is Adam's apple?</div>
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Solution 10</div>
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Adam's apple : It is a prominent elevation formed by the laminae of thyroid cartilage. It is more pronounced in male than female.</div>
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Question 11</div>
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Give the structure of a trachea.</div>
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Solution 11</div>
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<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiratory System" height="462" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152302_sw59.GIF" width="616" /></div>
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Question 12</div>
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What is the function of lecithin film in the lungs?</div>
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Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
The function of lecithin film in the lungs is to decrease the surface tension and keeps the alveoli open.</div>
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Question 13</div>
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Give the differences between alveoli of an infant and an adult.</div>
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Solution 13</div>
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<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiratory System" height="74" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152352_sw60.GIF" width="645" /></div>
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Question 14</div>
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What is breathing? Discuss the function of diaphragm in the breathing.</div>
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Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
Breathing: It is the physical process of taking in oxygen and giving out carbon dioxide.<br />
The function of diaphragm: It helps in breathing by contracting and relaxing thereby increase and decrease the volume of thoracic cavity. During inspiration diaphragm flattens while during expiration it becomes dome - shaped.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(i) Cough Reflex<br />
(ii) Sneez Reflex<br />
(iii) Eupnea<br />
(iv) Dyspnea<br />
(v) Apnea</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Cough Reflex: It is a type of reflex whose stimulus is any foreign particle which results from deep inspiration followed by strong expiration that forcefully expel the air through the mouth.<br />
(ii) Sneeze Reflex: It is a type of reflex whose stimulus is in the nasal passage which causes spasmodic contraction of expiratory muscles that forecefully expel the air through the nasal passage.<br />
(iii) Eupnea: Eupnea is a normal breathing.<br />
(iv) Dyspnea: A condition in which breathing is painful.<br />
(v) Apnea: A condition in which no breathing takes place.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg177">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 19 - Respiratory System Exercise 177</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiratory System" height="287" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152802_sw62.GIF" width="229" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiratory System" height="443" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152802_sw63.GIF" width="489" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Covering of lung is called<br />
(a) perichondrium<br />
(b) pleural membrane<br />
(c) pericardium<br />
(d) peritoneum<br />
(ii) Sites of gaseous exchange in the lung is<br />
(a) tracheoles<br />
(b) alveoli<br />
(c) bronchiole<br />
(d) pulmonary chamber<br />
(iii) Larynx acids as<br />
(a) sound box<br />
(b) value of controlling air<br />
(c) organ producing sound<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(iv) During respiration, the diaphragm<br />
(a) relaxed to become dome shaped<br />
(b) Contracts and flattened<br />
(c) expands<br />
(d) shows no change<br />
(v) Vital capacity of lungs in an average man is<br />
(a) 500-1000 ml<br />
(b) 1500-1800 ml<br />
(c) 2000-2500 ml<br />
(d) 3000-4500 ml<br />
(vi) Partial pressure of O<sub>2</sub> in inspired and expired air is<br />
(a) 40 and 95 mm Hg<br />
(b) 100 and 95 mm Hg<br />
(c) 158 and 40 mm Hg<br />
(d) 158 and 116 mm Hg</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (b) Pleural membrane<br />
(ii) (b) Alveoli<br />
(iii) (d) All the above<br />
(iv) (d) shows no change<br />
(v) (d) 3000 - 4500 ml<br />
(vi) (d) 158 and 116 mm Hg</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-84796155784943249762020-03-23T04:04:00.003-07:002020-03-23T04:04:58.190-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 18 - Structure and Function of Skin<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 18 - Structure and Function of Skin</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 18 - Structure and Function of Skin Exercise 169</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the following:<br />
(a) Outer nonvascular layers of the skin.<br />
(b) Innermost germinative layer of the epidermis.<br />
(c) Outermost nonliving layer of the epidermis.<br />
(d) Inner thick vascular region of the skin.<br />
(e) Gland which secretes sweat. <br />
(f) The milk secreting glands.<br />
(g) Gland which secretes wax.<br />
(h) The nails are modified.<br />
(i) The colour of the skin is due to.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Stratum corneum, transitional region, stratum germinativum<br />
(b) Stratum germinativum<br />
(c) Stratum corneum<br />
(d) Dermis<br />
(e) Sweat gland / sudoriferous gland<br />
(f) Milk glands/ mammary glands<br />
(g) Wax gland<br />
(h) Epidermis <br />
(i) Melanin</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Complete the following statement by choosing the correct alternative:<br />
(a) The skin is thickest on the ______. (soles, palms, finger, face).<br />
(b) Human skin has distinctive regions ______. (nephron and malpighian, epidermis and dermis, median and inner sole and palm).<br />
(c) The outermost dead layer of epidermis is ______. (stratum germinativum, transitional zone, stratum corneum).<br />
(d) The cytoplasm of uppermost layer of the epidermis is filled with ______. (keratin, melanin, intermedin, insulin).<br />
(e) Dermis of the skin is derived from ______. (ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm).<br />
(f) Beneath the dermis is a layer of ______. (fatty tissue, vascular tissue, loose connective tissue).<br />
(g) Milk gland is a modified ______. (oil gland, sweat gland, meibomain gland).</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) soles<br />
(b) epidermis and dermis<br />
(c) stratum corneum<br />
(d) keratin<br />
(e) mesoderm<br />
(f) loose connective tissue<br />
(g) sweat gland</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Mention whether the following statements are true or false:<br />
(a) Skin is the largest organ of the body.<br />
(b) Skin area is about 2 square metres.<br />
(c) Stratum corneum is a layer of epidermis.<br />
(d) Dermis is a thick vascular region of the skin.<br />
(e) Hair is not the characteristics feature of the mammal.<br />
(f) Meibomian glands are modified sweat glands.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) True<br />
(b) True<br />
(c) True<br />
(d) True<br />
(e) False<br />
(f) False</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Innermost layer of epidermis is called<br />
(a) stratum malpighi<br />
(b) transitional zone<br />
(c) stratum corneum<br />
(d) none<br />
(ii) Thickest epidermis is found on<br />
(a) eyelid<br />
(b) thigh<br />
(c) lip<br />
(d) palm<br />
(iii) Horny layer is also called as<br />
(a) Malpighian layer<br />
(b) stratum corneum<br />
(c) stratum lucidum<br />
(d) none<br />
(iv) The vascular region of the skin is called<br />
(a) epidermis<br />
(b) dermis<br />
(c) Malpighian layer<br />
(d) none<br />
(v) Sweat glands are situated in<br />
(a) epidermis<br />
(b) dermis<br />
(c) both<br />
(d) none<br />
(vi) Milk glands are modified<br />
(a) sweat gland<br />
(b) rectal gland<br />
(c) perineal gland<br />
(d) none<br />
(vii) When a person feels cold, the blood vessels<br />
(a) dialate, and the sweat glands are inactive<br />
(b) dialate and the sweat glands are active<br />
(c) constrict and the sweat glands are inactive<br />
(d) constrict and the sweat glands become active</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) stratum Malpighi<br />
(ii) (d) palm<br />
(iii) (b) stratum corneum<br />
(iv) (b) dermis<br />
(v) (b) dermis<br />
(vi) (a) sweat gland<br />
(vii) (c) constrict and the sweat glands are inactive</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-63437105690300618892020-03-23T04:04:00.001-07:002020-03-23T04:04:26.189-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 17 - The Skeletal System<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 17 - The Skeletal System</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 17 - The Skeletal System Exercise 162</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Bones of which part in the axial skeleton?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Bones of skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the five regions of the vertebral column?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Skeletal System" height="623" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152002_sw56.GIF" width="607" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the importance of pectoral and pelvic girdle?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Importance of pectoral girdle:<br />
(i) It provides support to the anterior portion of the body.<br />
(ii) Provides surface articulation of fore arms.<br />
(iii) Provides surface for muscle attachment.<br />
(iv) Provides protection to vital organs like heart and lungs.<br />
Importance of pelvic girdle:<br />
(i) Provides surface articulation of hind limbs.<br />
(ii) Provides surface for joining of muscles.<br />
(iii) Provides protection to the uterus.<br />
(iv) Protects from shocks.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a joint?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
The place of joining of two or more than two bones is called joint.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the following terms: flexor, extensor, levator, rotator.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Flexor is a muscle that causes bending of a limb or other part e.g. thigh muscle.<br />
Extensor is the muscle that causes the straightening of a limb or other part. E.g. for extending the foot<br />
Levator is the muscle that raises any part of the body.<br />
Rotator is a muscle that rotates one part on another.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain axial and appendicular skeleton.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Axial skeleton: This consists of skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs. Human skull has 22 bones of which 8 are present in the cranium and 14 on the face. Brain is present in the cavity called cranium. In the occipital region is an opening called foramen magnum through which spinal cord passes. Cranium has 8 bones which covers the brain from all sides. <br />
(1) Facial bones: These bones form the face and protect the sensory organs present in the head. It has 14 bones.<br />
(2) Vertebral Column:<br />
It makes the axis of the body and provides support like a pillar. Vertebral column is divided into following five parts:<br />
(a) Cervical Region. It has 7 cervical vertebrae. First vertebra is called atlas, second is axis and rest are called typical cervical vertebrae.<br />
(b) Thoracic Region. It has 12 thoracic vertebrae. Neural spine of these vertebrae is long and pointed, which provdes surface for muscle and attachment.<br />
(c) Lumber Region. It has 5 lumber vertebrae.<br />
(d) Sacral Region. It has 5 sacral vertebrae which are permanently fused to each other. These are situated on both halves of pelvic and form a joint with pelvic girdle.<br />
(e) Caudal Region. It has 4 caudal vertebrae. These are also fused to form a triangular structure which is called coccyx.<br />
(3) Sternum and Ribs:<br />
Sternum is the bone at the mid-ventral line of the thorax to which most of the ribs are attached at their ventral ends. Ribs are formed by vertebral and sterna part. First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs. These are joined on one side with sternum and on second side with thorax.<br />
(iii) Appendicular skeleton: It consists of limbs, shoulder or pectoral girdle and hip or pelvic girdles and bones of limbs.<br />
(a) Bones of the fore arm: Humerus, radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, finger bones, etc.<br />
(b) Bones of hind limb: Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsal, Metatarsal, etc.<br />
(c) Pectoral Girdle: In mammals, two halves of pectoral girdle are situated at equal distance from the ribs on the dorsal plane. Each of it is called shoulder bones. Each half of it made up of a triangular flat bone called scapula. From its outer side a projection arises called acromion and has a cavity called glenoid cavity.<br />
(d) Pelvic Girdle: It consists of two similar halves. In each, three bones are found, ilium, ischium and pubis. Pubis bones of both halves are joined and are called pubic sysmphysis. Ilium and ischium form acetabulum cavity in which head of femur articulates by forming ball and socket joint. A hollow space is found between pubis and ischium, which is called obdurate foramen, which provides passage for obturatry artery, vein and nerve.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the fore and hind limbs of man.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Forelimbs consists of one humerus (anterior arm bone), one radius and one ulna (posterior arm bones), 8 carpals (wrist bones), 5 metacarpals ( palm bones) and 14 phalanges (finger bones).<br />
Hindlimb consists of one femur bone or thigh bone, one tibia and fibula which are bones of the leg, 8 tarsals (bones of ankle), 5 metatarsals (bones of feet), and 14 phalanges (bones of fingers).</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name three types of levers found in the human skeleton.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
The three levers found in the human skeleton are:<br />
(i) First order levers<br />
(ii) Second order levers<br />
(iii) Third order levers</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name any two types of movable joints found in the body of man.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Ball and socket joint<br />
(ii) Pivot joint</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the ball and socket joint and where are they present in the body?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
In a ball and socket joint, the ball of one bone is fitted into the socket of another bone such that the ball can move in the socket. Such a joint always involves a long bone, which can move in all planes. This type of joint is found in pectoral girdle, glenoid cavity, femur and acetabulum of pelvic girdle.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the bones that make up upper arm and lower limb of man.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Forelimbs consists of one humerus (anterior arm bone), one radius and one ulna (posterior arm bones), 8 carpals (wrist bones), 5 metacarpals (palm bones) and 14 phalanges (finger bones).<br />
Hind limb consists of one femur bone or thigh bone, one tibia and fibula which are bones of the leg, 8 tarsal (bones of ankle), 5 metatarsals (bones of feet), and 14 phalanges (bones of fingers).</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the longest and the smallest bone of the human body.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
Longest bone - Femur<br />
Smallest bone - Stapes of middle ear.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
How do biceps and triceps work?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
Biceps muscles first contract to bend the arm, following which the triceps muscles act to straighten the arm. Thus act in opposite ways and are antagonistic muscles, since they counteract each other's action. The muscles of biceps are called flexor muscle while that of the triceps is the extensor muscle. This whole coordination of muscular action is under the nerve impulse and brain control.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are antagonistic muscles? Name any two of them.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
Muscles which counteract each other's actions are known as antagonistic muscles. Biceps and triceps are two such muscles.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
State the functions of biceps and triceps.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
Biceps cause bending of a limb or other part. Triceps cause straightening of a limb or other part.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the three types of muscles tissue.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
Striped, Unstriped and cardiac muscles.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 17</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Skeletal System" height="344" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152142_sw57.GIF" width="417" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 17</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Synovial joint is a movable joint present between the adjoining bones which can move independently. The articulating surfaces of the two bones are covered with articular cartilage. The joint is covered with a synovial membrane which secretes synovial fluid for lubrication. <br />
(b) These are found in elbow joint, knee joint, femur and pelvic girdle, etc.<br />
(c) The cartilages cover the ends of the adjoining bones. They function to absorb shock and reduce friction during movement.<br />
(d) 1 and 5 -epiphyseal bone<br />
2- synovial cavity<br />
3- synovial fluid<br />
4- synovial membrane</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 18</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Skeletal System" height="368" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/152152_sw58.GIF" width="375" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 18</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) 1. Scapula;<br />
2. Shoulder joint;<br />
3. Humerus;<br />
4. Bicep;<br />
5. Tricep;<br />
6. Radius;<br />
7. Tricep<br />
8. Elbow Joint;<br />
9. Ulna.<br />
(b) Bicep muscles and triceps are antagonistic muscles.<br />
(c) Bicep muscles.<br />
(d) Shoulder bones.<br />
(e) Ball and socket joint.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 19</div>
<div class="quescont">
How many vertebrae are found in human neck? Give their names.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 19</div>
<div class="solncont">
There are seven cervical vertebrae. First vertebra is called atlas, second is axis while the rest are called typical cervical vertebrae.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 20</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the role of the skeletal system in an animal?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 20</div>
<div class="solncont">
The skeletal system performs the following functions in an animal:<br />
(i) It provides a framework to support the body and gives a definite shape and form to the body.<br />
(ii) It helps to protect some of the vital organs like heart, lungs, brain and spinal cord.<br />
(iii) It provides the base for attachment of muscles and several bones so as to make body movements possible.<br />
(iv) Bones act as storehouse of some minerals like calcium and phosphorus.<br />
(v) Red bone marrow of long bones of limbs produces red blood cells and granulated white blood cells in their hollow cavities.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 21</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the two principal divisions of the skeleton in vertebrates?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 21</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Axial skeleton<br />
(ii) Appendicular skeleton</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 22</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the various parts of a human skeleton?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 22</div>
<div class="solncont">
The various parts of a human skeleton are:<br />
(i) Axial skeleton: This consists of skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs<br />
(ii) Appendicular skeleton: It consists of pectoral and pelvic girdles and bones of limbs.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 23</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the various parts of a typical vertebra?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 23</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Skeletal System" height="320" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/151972_sw54.GIF" width="584" /></div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 24</div>
<div class="quescont">
According to position, endoskeleton is divided into how many parts? Explain each part.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 24</div>
<div class="solncont">
On the basis of position, endoskeleton is divided into two main parts:<br />
(i) Axial skeleton: This consists of skull, vertebral column, sternum and ribs. Human skull has 22 bones of which 8 are present in the cranium and 14 on the face. Brain is present in the cavity called cranium. In the occipital region is an opening called foramen magnum through which spinal cord passes. Cranium has 8 bones which covers the brain from all sides. <br />
(1) Facial bones: These bones form the face and protect the sensory organs present in the head. It has 14 bones.<br />
(2) Vertebral Column:<br />
It makes the axis of the body and provides support like a pillar. Vertebral column is divided into following five parts:<br />
(a) Cervical Region. It has 7 cervical vertebrae. First vertebra is called atlas, second is axis and rest are called typical cervical vertebrae.<br />
(b) Thoracic Region. It has 12 thoracic vertebrae. Neural spine of these vertebrae is long and pointed, which provdes surface for muscle and attachment.<br />
(c) Lumber Region. It has 5 lumber vertebrae.<br />
(d) Sacral Region. It has 5 sacral vertebrae which are permanently fused to each other. These are situated on both halves of pelvic and form a joint with pelvic girdle.<br />
(e) Caudal Region. It has 4 caudal vertebrae. These are also fused to form a triangular structure which is called coccyx.<br />
(3) Sternum and Ribs<br />
Sternum is the bone at the mid-ventral line of the thorax to which most of the ribs are attached at their ventral ends. Ribs are formed by vertebral and sterna part. First seven pairs of ribs are called true ribs. These are joined on one side with sternum and on second side with thorax.<br />
(ii) Appendicular skeleton: It consists of limbs, shoulder or pectoral girdle and hip or pelvic girdles and bones of limbs.<br />
(a) Bones of the fore arm: Humerus, radius, Ulna, Carpals, Metacarpals, finger bones, etc.<br />
(b) Bones of hind limb: Femur, Tibia, Fibula, Tarsal, Metatarsal, etc.<br />
(c) Pectoral Girdle: In mammals, two halves of pectoral girdle are situated at equal distance from the ribs on the dorsal plane. Each of it is called shoulder bones. Each half of it made up of a triangular flat bone called scapula. From its outer side a projection arises called acromion and has a cavity called glenoid cavity.<br />
(d) Pelvic Girdle: It consists of two similar halves. In each, three bones are found, ilium, ischium and pubis. Pubis bones of both halves are joined and are called pubic sysmphysis. Ilium and ischium form acetabulum cavity in which head of femur articulates by forming ball and socket joint. A hollow space is found between pubis and ischium, which is called obdurate foramen, which provides passage for obturatry artery, vein and nerve.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 25</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the bones of vertebral column.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 25</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Skeletal System" height="989" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/151992_sw55.GIF" width="607" /></div>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg163">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 17 - The Skeletal System Exercise 163</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) In mammals each half of pelvic girdle consists of<br />
(a) ilium<br />
(b) ischium<br />
(c) pubis<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(ii) How many ribs are found in man?<br />
(a) 10<br />
(b) 12<br />
(c) 24<br />
(d) 36<br />
(iii) In mammals, the number of cervical vertebra is<br />
(a) 5<br />
(b) 7<br />
(c) 10<br />
(d) 12<br />
(iv) Sutural joints are found between<br />
(a) Parietals of skull<br />
(b) Humerus and radio-ulna<br />
(c) Glenoid cavity and pectoral girdle<br />
(d) Thumb and meta tarsal<br />
(v) Smallest bone of man is<br />
(a) Parietal<br />
(b) carpal<br />
(c) Nasal<br />
(d) stapes<br />
(vi) Which of the following is not part of appendicular skeleton?<br />
(a) Femur<br />
(b) Cranium<br />
(c) Humerus<br />
(d) Tarsals<br />
(vii) Which of the following is not true for the elbow joint?<br />
(a) It is a synovial joint.<br />
(b) It is a hinge joint.<br />
(c) It allows movement in all directions.<br />
(d) It is surrounded by a fibrous capsule.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d) all the above<br />
(ii) (c) 24<br />
(iii) (b) 7<br />
(iv) (a) Parietals of skull<br />
(v) (d) stapes<br />
(vi) (b) Cranium<br />
(vii) (c) It allows movement in all directions.</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br /></div>
myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-71637062026931646082020-03-23T04:03:00.002-07:002020-03-23T04:03:05.884-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 16 - Digestive System<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 16 - Digestive System</h2>
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Chapter 16 - Digestive System Exercise 151</h2>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you mean by nutrition? Mention the different types.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Nutrition can be defined as the process which involves the utilization of food by an animal to obtain energy for growth and development. There are two types of nutrition - autotrophic and heterotrophic.</div>
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Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe protein digestion in the human.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the following:<br />
(a) Coagulation of milk in the digestive system.<br />
(b) Emulsification.<br />
(c) Digestion of fat in the intestine.<br />
(d) Digestion of nucleic gland.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
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Question 4</div>
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Describe the human salivary gland.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Salivary Glands - Three pairs in man and secrete 1000 to 1500 cc saliva per day. <br />
Saliva is slightly acidic and its pH is 6.8.<br />
There are three types of salivary glands:<br />
(a) Parotid glands: It is the largest salivary gland and situated near the ears. It opens into oral cavity by Stenoson's duct. <br />
(b) Sublingual glands: It is located beneath the tongue. It opens into the floor of oral cavity by duct of Rivinus.<br />
(c) Submadibular or sub-maxillary glands: It is situated at the angles of the lower jaws. It opens inot oral cavity by Whartson's duct.<br />
Each gland secret secretes saliva which is transported to the mouth cavity. At the time secrete saliva.</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Mark odd one in each series:<br />
(a) Pepsin, lipase, Trypsin, rennin.<br />
(b) Oesophagus, stomach, intestine, lungs.<br />
(c) Bile salts, bile pigment, gall blader, rectum.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Lipase<br />
(b) Lungs<br />
(c) Rectum</div>
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Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the enzymes of pancreatic juice, the substrates they digest and the end products.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
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Question 7</div>
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Solution 7</div>
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Question 8</div>
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Describe the digestion of starch.</div>
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Solution 8</div>
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Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Correct the spellings:<br />
(a) Carboxytipepdase<br />
(b) Reninne<br />
(c) Caceum<br />
(d) HLC<br />
(e) Pespin<br />
(f) Disegion<br />
(g) Ptorein<br />
(h) Bilirubin</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Carboxypeptidase<br />
(b) Rennin<br />
(c) Caecum<br />
(d) HCl<br />
(e) Pepsin<br />
(f) Digestion<br />
(g) Protein<br />
(h) Bilirubin</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the process of digestion in human beings.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
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Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the enzymes secreted by the following:<br />
(a) Stomach<br />
(b) Salivary glands<br />
(c) Pancreas<br />
(d) Ileum</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Stomach - Pepsin<br />
(b) Salivary glands - Salivary amylase/Ptyalin<br />
(c) Pancreas - Trypsin, Chymotrypsin, Carboxy peptidase, Pancreatic amylase and Pancreatic lipase.<br />
(d) Ileum - Enterokinase, Endokinase, Aminopeptidase and Dipeptidase.</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define with examples:<br />
(a) Autotrophs<br />
(b) Heterotrophs<br />
(c) Carnivores<br />
(d) Omnivores<br />
(e) Herbivores</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Autotrophs: These are the organisms which prepare organic food in their body from simple inorganic materials like carbon dioxide, water, etc. Example - green plants and certain protests.<br />
(b) Heterotrophs: The organisms which cannot prepare their own food and depends on ready-made food synthesized by green plants are called heterotrophs. Examples - animals and human beings.<br />
(c) Carnivores: The organisms which feed upon other animals and animal products. Examples - tiger, lion, cat, etc.<br />
(d) Omnivores: The organisms which feed on all kinds of plant and animal food are called omnivores. Examples - Cockroach and human beings.<br />
(e) Herbivores: The organisms that feed on plants only are termed as herbivores. Examples - sheep, cow, goat, etc.</div>
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Question 13</div>
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Solution 13</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
State one difference in nutrition:<br />
(a) Parasite and Saprophyte.<br />
(b) Autotroph and Heterotroph.<br />
(c) Holozoic and Saprozoic nutrition.<br />
(d) Holophylic and Holozoic</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Parasites are the organisms that live in or on the body of another organism called host, and obtain nourishment from its body whereas saprophyte is an organism that absorbs soluble organic nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter.<br />
(b) Autotroph is an organism which prepares organic food in their body from simple inorganic materials like carbon dioxide, water, etc. whereas heterotroph is an organism which cannot prepare its own food and depends on ready-made food synthesized by green plants.<br />
(c) Holozoic nutrition is a nutrition in which animals survive by consuming other organisms whereas saprozoic nutrition is the nutrition in which the animals absorbs soluble organic nutrients from dead and decaying organic matter.<br />
(d) Holophytic nutrition is the nutrition in which organisms prepare organic food in their body from simple inorganic materials like carbon dioxide, water, etc. whereas in holozoic nutrition, the animals survive by consuming other organisms.</div>
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Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name different steps involved in animal nutrition. Explain.</div>
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Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
The steps involved in animal nutrition are:<br />
(a) Ingestion - It means taking solid or liquid food inside the body.<br />
(b) Digestion - It is the breaking down of complex insoluble food components into simple soluble substances.<br />
(c) Absorption - It is the process by which soluble soluble digested food passes from alimentary canal into blood and lymph through intestinal villi.<br />
(d) Assimilation - Utilization of absorbed food by different body cells is called assimilation.<br />
(e) Egestion - Elimination of undigested food as faeces is called egestion.</div>
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Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the types of teeth in human with functions.</div>
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Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
There are four types of teeth:<br />
(a) Incisors - These are used for cutting.<br />
(b) Canines - These teeth are used for tearing.<br />
(c) Premolars - For masticating the food.<br />
(d) Molars - For grinding and masticating the food.</div>
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Question 17</div>
<div class="quescont">
Observe the diagram given alongside and answer the following:<br />
(a) Name the parts numbered 1-8.<br />
(b) Which parts shown in the diagram are non-living?<br />
(c) Is the tooth suited for cutting, tearing or grinding?<br />
(d) What is the function of parts 8 and 7?<br />
(e) What is the total number of teeth present in adult human beings?<br />
(f) Write the dental formula of human beings.<br />
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Solution 17</div>
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Question 18</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the human alimentary canal.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 18</div>
<div class="solncont">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 19</div>
<div class="quescont">
State whether the following statements are True or false:<br />
(a) Trypsin coagulates the milk protein.<br />
(b) Enteropeptidase activates pepsinogen into pepsin.<br />
(c) Na<sup>+ </sup>is absorbed in intestine by sodium pump.<br />
(d) Pancreatic amylase digests protein into amino acids.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 19</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) False<br />
(b) False<br />
(c) True<br />
(d) False</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 20</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define digestion. Describe the digestion of food in small intestine.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 20</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Digestive System" height="1232" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/151622_sw42.GIF" width="618" /></div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-86093229720035687052020-03-23T04:02:00.002-07:002020-03-23T04:02:31.889-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 15 - Nutrition in Man<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 15 - Nutrition in Man</h2>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg138">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 15 - Nutrition in Man Exercise 138</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the major role of carbohydrate in our body?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Carbohydrates provide energy and warmth to our body.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Distinguish between the following:<br />
(a) Autotrophs and Heterotrophs<br />
(b) Herbivore and Carnivore<br />
(c) Assimilation and Absorption</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Nutrition In Man" height="327" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/148972_sw36.GIF" width="532" /></div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the definition of food.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Food is a mixture of nutritive substances which when taken and incorporated into the body tissues provide materials for energy, repair, growth, reproduction, regulation of life processes and resistance to diseases.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Why are proteins described as body-building food?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Proteins are used in the synthesis of new protoplasm to be utilized in growth and tissue repair. Hence they are called body building foods.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the one-word substitute for the following:<br />
(a) Disease caused by the deficiency of vitamin A.<br />
(b) A macromolecule formed by the linkage of thousands of amino acids.<br />
(c) Anti-rickets vitamin.<br />
(d) Insect-eating organism.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Night-blindness<br />
(b) Protein<br />
(c) Vitamin D<br />
(d) Insectivore</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
State whether the following statements are True or False:<br />
(a) Rickets is caused by the deficiency of iodine.<br />
(b) Vitamin B is water soluble.<br />
(c) Carbohydrate and fats are the main energy yielding foods.<br />
(d) Kwashiorkor is the disease caused by deficiency of iron (Fe).<br />
(e) Citrus fruits are the best source of vitamin C.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) False<br />
(b) True<br />
(c) True<br />
(d) False<br />
(e) True</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write two sources of vitamin C and Vitamin A.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Sources of Vitamin C are Lemon and carrot and sources of Vitamin A are Green vegetables and egg yolk.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Which vitamin is called anti-scurvy?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Vitamin C</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two examples of omnivores.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Pigs and crows</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
Which nutrient of food is the principal fuel in the cells?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Carbohydrates</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the undigestible portion of food which facilitates its movement through the intestine?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Roughage</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the process of utilizing absorbed food for building body tissue.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
Assimilation</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
Which foodstuff yields maximum amount of energy on complete combustion?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
Fats</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the following terms with example:<br />
(a) Carnivore<br />
(b) Omnivore<br />
(c) Scavenger</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Carnivores are flesh-eating animals that eat other animals. Example - Snakes, Lion, tiger, vulture<br />
(b) Omnivores are animals that feed on both animals and plants. Example - crows, certain bears.<br />
(c) Scavenger is any animal that feeds on refuse and other decaying organic matter. Example - vultures, dung beetle.</div>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg139">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 15 - Nutrition in Man Exercise 139</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give any four reasons for 'why water is necessary for our body'.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Water is necessary for our body because:<br />
(i) Water acts as solvent for many organic and inorganic compounds<br />
(ii) Water facilitates the movement of food materials, waste products and other chemical substances in the cytoplasm and circulatory process.<br />
(iii) It plays an important role in regulating body temperature and osmotic pressure of the body fluids.<br />
(iv) Water serves as good medium for various metabolic reactions.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is roughage? Give two examples.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
The undigested fibrous material present in the food is called roughage. Raw vegetables, and bran are examples of roughage.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks:<br />
(a) Carbohydrates and fats are ______ yielding food.<br />
(b) Animal starch stored in the muscle and liver is ______.<br />
(c) Fats are compounds of ______ and ______.<br />
(d) ______ and ______ are examples of disaccharides.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) energy<br />
(b) glycogen<br />
(c) fatty acid, glycerol<br />
(d) sucrose, maltose</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(a) Malnutrition<br />
(b) Saprozoic<br />
(c) Vitamin</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) The condition where people become weak and sick due to insufficient and unbalanced diet is referred to as malnutrition.<br />
(b) Saprozoic nutrition refers to nutrition in which animals feed on dead or decaying matter. <br />
(c) Vitamins are organic compounds regularly required in minute quantities in the diet for normal metabolism, health and growth.</div>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the sources of the following:<br />
(a) Lactose<br />
(b) Sucrose<br />
(c) Cellulose<br />
(d) Vitamin A</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Milk<br />
(b) Sugarcane <br />
(c) Plants<br />
(d) Yellow and green vegetables</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write short notes on:<br />
(a) Kwashiorkor<br />
(b) Marasmus</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Kwashiorkor develops in children whose diet is deficient in proteins even if sufficient carbohydrates and fats are consumed. This disease is common among infants and children up to 3 years old. The symptoms of Kwashiorkor include reduced body weight, slurred growth, protruding belly and thin legs.<br />
(b) Marasmus is a form of prolonged protein energy malnutrition. It affects infants under one year of age. The symptoms of Marasmus include irreversible muscle degeneration, dry, wrinkled skin, prominent ribs and thin legs.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you know about deficiency of?<br />
(a) Iron<br />
(b) Iodine</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Deficiency of iron leads to anaemia.<br />
(b) Deficiency of iodine leads to goitre.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Daily requirement of carbohydrate by an adult is<br />
(a) 500 gm<br />
(b) 50 gm<br />
(c) 150 gm<br />
(d) 250 gm<br />
(ii) Marasmus is due to the deficiency of<br />
(a) vitamin C<br />
(b) carbohydrate<br />
(c) fat<br />
(d) food<br />
(iii) To get sufficient carbohydrate, one should take<br />
(a) meat<br />
(b) rice<br />
(c) carrot<br />
(d) groundnut<br />
(iv) Which one of the following is the best source for vitamin A?<br />
(a) Apple<br />
(b) Carrot<br />
(c) Honey<br />
(d) Peanuts<br />
(v) Fat soluble vitamins are<br />
(a) A, D and E<br />
(b) B, C and D<br />
(c) B, D and E<br />
(d) A, B and C<br />
(vi) Vitamin essential for food clotting is<br />
(a) A<br />
(b) E<br />
(c) C<br />
(d) K<br />
(vii) Which one is body-building material?<br />
(a) Mineral matter<br />
(b) Fat<br />
(c) Protein<br />
(d) Sugar<br />
(viii) Ascorbic acid is vitamin<br />
(a) C<br />
(b) D<br />
(c) B<br />
(d) A</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) 500 gm<br />
(ii) (d) food<br />
(iii) (b) rice<br />
(iv) (b) Carrot<br />
(v) (a) A, D and E<br />
(vi) (d) K<br />
(vii) (c) Protein<br />
(viii) (a) C</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-49873015835863402952020-03-23T04:01:00.005-07:002020-03-23T04:01:55.876-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 14 - Bacteria and Fungi: Their Importance<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 14 - Bacteria and Fungi: Their Importance</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 14 - Bacteria and Fungi: Their Importance Exercise 127</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(a) Bacteria<br />
(b) Gram negative and Gram positive bacteria.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Bacteria are a large group of unicellular, prokaryotic microorganisms.<br />
(b) The bacteria which do not get stained with crystal violet and iodine solution are called gram negative bacteria while those bacteria which get stained with crystal violet and iodine solution are called gram positive bacteria.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain briefly:<br />
(a) Bacteria is a plant. <br />
(b) Spore formation is a survival technique not a mode of reproduction in bacteria.<br />
(c) Bacteria are our friends and foes both.<br />
(d) Yeast is used in bakeries and breweries.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Bacteria shows the presence of cell wall, hence they are included under plants.<br />
(b) Spore formation helps bacteria to survive during adverse environmental conditions. Hence it is a survival technique.<br />
(c) Bacteria as friends :<br />
Bacteria are useful to us in many ways like producing antibiotics, forming curd and cheese, tanning leather, producing various industrial products, nitrogen fixation, digesting cellulose etc. <br />
Bacteria as foes:<br />
They are harmful in many ways like causing diseases, bio-weapons , food spoilage etc. <br />
(d) Yeast is used in breweries since the fermentation activity of yeast produces different types of beverages like wine, beer, alcohol toddy etc. In bakeries, when yeast is added to the flour its fermentation results in the production of carbon dioxide which produces soft bread and other bakery products.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Draw a labelled diagram of a bacterial cell.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="336" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154042_sw85.GIF" width="396" /></div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write short notes on:<br />
(a) Shape of bacteria<br />
(b) Flagellation in bacteria<br />
(c) Economic importance of yeast<br />
(d) Structure of Rhizopus</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="1314" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154052_sw86.GIF" width="642" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain, briefly the role of bacteria in nitrogen fixation.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="469" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154062_sw87.GIF" width="621" /></div>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg128">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 14 - Bacteria and Fungi: Their Importance Exercise 128</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
How are fungi important as food?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Fungi are cooked like vegetables or used in pulao or prepared as soups. Some common edible fungi are Agaricus, Ramaria, Clavaria, Morchella.<br />
Also yeast is used in preparing idli and dosa from a mixture of powdered rice and dal.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Are fungi useful in medical sciences? How?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Yes. Many types of antibiotics are obtained from fungi which are used in medical sciences. Today about 25 types of antibiotics are commercially produced from moulds.<br />
For example: Penicillin is obtained from the fungus Penicillium notatum. <br />
Griseofulvin is extracted from the fungus Penicillium griseofulvum.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name two plant diseases caused by fungi. Also, mention the causal agents.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="85" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154132_sw91.GIF" width="334" /></div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Which scientist first discovered the bacteria?<br />
(a) Pasteur<br />
(b) Leeuwenhoek<br />
(c) Koch<br />
(d) De Vries<br />
(ii) Bacteriology is the study of<br />
(a) bacteria<br />
(b) virus<br />
(c) fungi<br />
(d) mycoplasms<br />
(iii) Which bacteria is rod-shaped?<br />
(a) Coccus<br />
(b) Bacillus<br />
(c) Spirillum<br />
(d) None of these<br />
(iv) Which disease is caused by bacteria?<br />
(a) Tuberculosis<br />
(b) Aspergillosis<br />
(c) Measles<br />
(d) None of these<br />
(v) Which fixes the atmospheric nitrogen?<br />
(a) Nitrobacter<br />
(b) Nitrosomonas<br />
(c) Xanthomonas<br />
(d) Rhizobium<br />
(vi) Which bacteria is useful in fermentation of milk?<br />
(a) Hay bacillus<br />
(b) Lactobacillus<br />
(c) Aceto bacillus<br />
(d) Rhizobium<br />
(vii) Tasteful food for man is<br />
(a) Rhizopus<br />
(b) Penicillium<br />
(c) Amantia<br />
(d) Agaricus<br />
(viii) Yeast is used in the production of<br />
(a) ethyl alcohol<br />
(b) acetic acid<br />
(c) cheese<br />
(d) curd</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (b) Leeuwenhoek<br />
(ii) (a) bacteria<br />
(iii) (b) Bacillus<br />
(iv) (a) Tuberculosis<br />
(v) (d) Rhizobium<br />
(vi) (b) Lactobacillus<br />
(vii) (d) Agaricus<br />
(viii) (a) ethyl alcohol</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between:<br />
(a) Bacteria and Yeast<br />
(b) Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria<br />
(c) Rhizopus and Mucor<br />
(d) Parasitic and Saprophytic bacteria</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="667" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154072_sw88.GIF" width="650" /></div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the name of the<br />
(a) fungus that gives penicillin.<br />
(b) mould that causes Aspergillosis in human beings.<br />
(c) mould which is known as Red-ring mould.<br />
(d) mould that causes lung mycosis.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Penicillium notatum<br />
(b) Aspergillus fumigatus<br />
(c) Candida albicans<br />
(d) Aspergillus</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks:<br />
(a) The cell-wall of fungi is made up of ______.<br />
(b) The fungi are ______ in their mode of nutrition.<br />
(c) Bacteria which cannot live without oxygen is called ______.<br />
(d) Fungi which is edible is ______.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) chitin<br />
(b) saprophytic<br />
(c) obligate aerobes<br />
(d) Agaricus campestris</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="337" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154102_sw89.GIF" width="445" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Bacteria And Fungi Their Importance" height="264" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/154102_sw90.GIF" width="223" /></div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-73937479268818880882020-03-23T04:01:00.002-07:002020-03-23T04:01:13.152-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 13 - Diversity of Life and Classification<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 13 - Diversity of Life and Classification</h2>
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Chapter 13 - Diversity of Life and Classification Exercise 117</h2>
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Question 1</div>
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What do you understand by diversity of life?</div>
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Solution 1</div>
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Diversity refers to the variety of living organisms found within a given ecosystem, biome, or on an entire planet.</div>
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Question 2</div>
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Name the various classes of chordates with two examples.</div>
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Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
The various classes of Chordata are:<br />
(i) Pisces - Labeo (Rohu), Scoliodon (Dog fish)<br />
(ii) Amphibia - Rana (Frog), Hyla (Tree frog )<br />
(iii) Reptilia - Kanchuga (Tortoise), Naja naja ( Cobra)<br />
(iv) Aves - Columba (Pigeon), Pavo (Peacock)<br />
(v) Mammalia - Elephas ( Elephant), Funambulas (Squirrel)</div>
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Question 3</div>
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Write important characters of chordates? How do they differ from non-chordates?</div>
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Solution 3</div>
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Question 4</div>
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Give four important characters of mammals.</div>
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Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Characters of mammals are:<br />
(i) The females of this class are provided with mammary glands which produces milk to feed the young one.<br />
(ii) Body usually covered with hair, spines, scales, nail, hoof or horn.<br />
(iii) External ear or pinna is well-developed.<br />
(iv) They are warm-blooded.</div>
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Question 5</div>
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What is classification of living organism? How is it important?</div>
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Solution 5</div>
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The method of arranging organisms into series of groups on the basis of similarities and differences is called classification. <br />
Classification is important in the following ways:<br />
(i) It makes the study of a wide variety of organisms easy.<br />
(ii) It gives us an overall picture of all the life-forms.<br />
(iii) It helps us to understand the interrelationships among different groups of organisms.<br />
(iv) It forms a base for the development of other biological sciences.</div>
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Question 6</div>
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Describe the Binomial system of classification.</div>
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Solution 6</div>
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Question 7</div>
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What is taxonomy?</div>
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Solution 7</div>
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Taxonomy is the study of the theory, practice and rules of classification of living and extinct organisms.</div>
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Question 8</div>
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Write down a flow chart showing subdivisions of kingdom Animalia.</div>
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Solution 8</div>
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Question 9</div>
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Name the various phyla of non-chordates with two examples.</div>
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Solution 9</div>
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<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Diversity Of Life And Classification" height="201" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153072_sw66.GIF" width="329" /></div>
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Chapter - Exercise </h2>
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Solution 1</div>
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Solution 2</div>
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Solution 3</div>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 13 - Diversity of Life and Classification Exercise 118</h2>
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Question 1</div>
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Write two main characters of the following animals and name the phylum they belong to:<br />
(a) Starfish<br />
(b) Whale<br />
(c) Jelly fish<br />
(d) Cockroach</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Starfish belongs to phylum Echinodermata.<br />
Two characters of starfish are:<br />
(i) Spines found on the body which is covered by calcareous plates.<br />
(ii) Body is star shaped with five radiating areas called ambulacra with inter-ambulacra in between.<br />
(b) Whale belongs to phylum Chordata.<br />
Two characters of whale are:<br />
(i) They are warm blooded marine animals.<br />
(ii) Heart is completely four-chambered.<br />
(c) Jelly fish belongs to phylum Coelenterata.<br />
Two characters of jelly fish are:<br />
(i) Body diploblastic having outer epidermis and inner gastrodermis with gelatinous mesoglea.<br />
(ii) Tentacles are present around the mouth.<br />
(d) Cockroach belongs to phylum Arthropoda.<br />
Two characters of cockroach are:<br />
(i) They have jointed legs.<br />
(ii) Their exoskeleton is made up of chitinous cuticle which is shed from time to time.</div>
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Question 2</div>
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How do gymnosperms and angiosperms differ?</div>
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Solution 2</div>
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Question 3</div>
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Give two examples each of bryophyta and pteridophyta.</div>
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Solution 3</div>
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Bryophyta - Liverwort and Moss.<br />
Pteridophyta - Fern and Horsetail.</div>
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Question 4</div>
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Give the name of two animals that belong to phylum echinodermata.</div>
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Solution 4</div>
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Antedon (Sea lily) and Asterias (Star fish ).</div>
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Question 5</div>
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Write the name of a mammal who lives in water.</div>
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Solution 5</div>
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Whale</div>
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Question 6</div>
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Name any two animals which possess compound eyes.</div>
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Solution 6</div>
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Cockroach, crab</div>
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Question 7</div>
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Write name of any poikilothermic animal.</div>
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Solution 7</div>
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Frog</div>
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Question 8</div>
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Write the name of oviparous mammal.</div>
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Solution 8</div>
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Echidna</div>
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Question 9</div>
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Write zoological names of earthworm and roundworm.</div>
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Solution 9</div>
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Earthworm - Pheretima posthuma and <br />
Roundworm - Ascaris</div>
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Question 10</div>
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Solution 10</div>
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Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Which group of animals have following characteristics:<br />
(a) Body segmented, jointed appendages and compound eyes.<br />
(b) Multicellular body not organized into tissues.<br />
(c) Body soft, covered by mantle and a calcareous shell.</div>
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Solution 11</div>
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(a) Arthropoda<br />
(b) Porifera<br />
(c) Mollusca</div>
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Question 12</div>
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On the basis of characteristics given below, name the phyla:<br />
(a) Unicellular, microscopic animals.<br />
(b) Soft bodies, muscular foot, calcareous shell and presence of mantle.<br />
(C) Body cylindrical, segmented, coelomate.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Protozoa<br />
(b) Mollusca<br />
(c) Annelida</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two examples of each of the following:<br />
(a) Echinodermata<br />
(b) Pisces<br />
(c) Platyhelminthes<br />
(d) Nemathelminthes<br />
(e) Annelida<br />
(f) Arthropoda</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Asterias (Star fish ), Echinus (Sea-urchin)<br />
(b) Scoliodon (Dog fish), Labeo (Rohu)<br />
(c) Fasciola ( Liver fluke), Taenia solium (Tapeworm)<br />
(d) Ascaris ( Roundworm), Wuchereria (Filarial worm )<br />
(e) Pheretima (Earthworm), Hirudinaria ( Leech )<br />
(f) Palemon (Prawn), Periplaneta (Cockroach)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the phyla to which following animals belong:<br />
(a) Leech<br />
(b) Hydra<br />
(c) Scorpion<br />
(d) Starfish</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Annelida<br />
(b) Coelenterata<br />
(c) Arthropoda<br />
(d) Echinodermata</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks:<br />
(a) The excretory organs of platyhelminthes are ______.<br />
(b) Ascaris is the example of phylum ______.<br />
(c) Nephridia are the excretory organs of ______.<br />
(d) Bath sponge belongs to phylum ______.<br />
(e) Dog fish belongs to phylum ______.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Flame cells<br />
(b) Nemathelminthes<br />
(c) Annelida<br />
(d) Porifera<br />
(e) Chordata</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
Each question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Mosquito is included in insects because<br />
(a) three pairs of legs are present.<br />
(b) four pairs of legs are present.<br />
(c) body is divisible into cephalothorax and abdomen.<br />
(d) two pairs of legs are present.<br />
(ii) Jelly-fish is classified in the phylum<br />
(a) coelentrata<br />
(b) mollusca<br />
(c) pisces<br />
(d) arthropoda<br />
(iii) The animal of phylum mollusca is<br />
(a) scorpion<br />
(b) Hydra<br />
(c) octopus<br />
(d) earthworm<br />
(iv) The animal of phylum protozoa is<br />
(a) earthworm<br />
(b) housefly<br />
(c) paramoecium<br />
(d) sponge<br />
(v) The animal of class pisces is<br />
(a) jelly-fish<br />
(b) starfish<br />
(c) hippocampus<br />
(d) whale<br />
(vi) Which of the following is not a helminth parasite?<br />
(a) Scorpion<br />
(b) Wuchereria<br />
(c) Ascaris<br />
(d) Oxyuris<br />
(vii) Whittaker is famous<br />
(a) for two kingdom classification.<br />
(b) for five kingdom classification.<br />
(c) for four kingdom classification.<br />
(d) to tell the differences between bacteria and blue-green algae.<br />
(viii) Protista is the link between<br />
(a) prokaryotic and multicellular eukaryotic cell<br />
(b) virus and bacteria<br />
(c) bacteria and green algae<br />
(d) dianoflagellates and zooflagellates<br />
(ix) Multicellular producers are<br />
(a) protista<br />
(b) animal<br />
(c) fungi<br />
(d) plant<br />
(x) 'Systema naturae' has been written by<br />
(a) John Ray<br />
(b) Darwin<br />
(c) C. Linnaeus<br />
(d) Theophrastus<br />
(xi) Binomial Nomenclature was proposed by<br />
(a) Benthum Hooker<br />
(b) Hutchinson<br />
(c) Englar and Prantle<br />
(d) Carolus Linnaeus</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) three pairs of legs are present.<br />
(ii) (a) coelentrata<br />
(iii) (c) octopus<br />
(iv) (c) paramoecium<br />
(v) (c) hippocampus<br />
(vi) (a) Scorpion<br />
(vii) (b) for five kingdom classification<br />
(viii) (a) prokaryotic and multicellular eukaryotic cell<br />
(ix) (d) plant<br />
(x) (d) C. Linnaeus<br />
(xi) (c) Carolus Linnaeus</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-60580602423681694822020-03-23T04:00:00.001-07:002020-03-23T04:00:29.155-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 12 - Interaction Between Biotic and Abiotic Factors in an EcoSystem<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 12 - Interaction Between Biotic and Abiotic Factors in an EcoSystem</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 12 - Interaction Between Biotic and Abiotic Factors in an EcoSystem Exercise 99</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the organisms that convert sun's energy into chemical or food energy.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Producers</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain, how do living organisms interact in an ecosystem.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
In a natural ecosystem, green plants capture solar energy and convert it into chemical forms. The energy is then passed onto herbivores when they feed on green plants. From herbivores, the energy moves into carnivores that eat them. Some animals like lion and vultures are not eaten by other organisms. All the organisms ultimately pass on energy to the decomposers. Energy thus flows continuously through the ecosystem from plant to animals and from prey to predator.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
How does energy move in an ecosystem?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Energy passes through the ecosystem in a one-way path. Energy goes through each trophic level, one at a time. As it goes from one level to another, it is lost due to metabolism and in the form of heat. For example - The energy ingested by producers is used by the producers for carrying out various life activities and some amount of energy is lost as heat, so that the entire energy does not pass completely to the consumers. The energy lost as heat cannot be used anymore.</div>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a food chain?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
The transfer of energy from autotrophs through a series of organisms that consume and are consumed is known as a food chain.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name two types of food chain.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
The types of food chain are:<br />
(i) Grazing food chain<br />
(ii) Detritus food chain<br />
(iii) Auxiliary food chain<br />
(Write any two)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is food web?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Individual food chains interconnected in a complex way is called food web.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is an energy pyramid?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
An energy pyramid is a graphical representation of the flow of energy from the producers through the various consumers. It shows the amount of energy available and the loss of useful energy at each step of the food chain in an ecosystem.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Why is pyramid of energy broader at the base and narrower at the top?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
As the energy gets transferred from lower trophic level to the higher one, there is a loss of large amount of energy due to metabolism and as heat. As a result very little energy (i.e. 10%) gets transferred to the next level. So the trophic level at the base has maximum energy and that at the top has the least amount of energy. Hence energy pyramid is broader at the base and narrower at the top.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Each question has four options. Choose the correct answer.<br />
(i) Energy flow in an ecosystem is<br />
(a) unidirectional<br />
(b) bidirectional<br />
(c) multidirectional <br />
(d) all the above<br />
(ii) A food chain consists of<br />
(a) producers<br />
(b) consumers<br />
(c) decomposers<br />
(d) producers and consumers<br />
(iii) Trophic levels in a food chain are formed by<br />
(a) producers<br />
(b) consumers<br />
(c) decomposers<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(iv) A food chain always starts with<br />
(a) photosynthesis<br />
(b) respiration<br />
(c) nitrogen fixation<br />
(d) decay<br />
(v) Primary consumers are<br />
(a) green plants<br />
(b) herbivores<br />
(c) carnivores<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(vi) Primary consumers in detritus food chain are<br />
(a) herbivores<br />
(b) bacteria, fungi, etc.<br />
(c) insect, larvae, nematodes<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(vii) An ecosystem is an interacting system of<br />
(a) communities<br />
(b) Communities and their physical environment<br />
(c) populations<br />
(d) individuals<br />
(viii) The driving force for an ecosystem is<br />
(a) biomas<br />
(b) producers<br />
(c) carbohydrates in producers<br />
(d) solar energy<br />
(ix) The two components of an ecosystem are<br />
(a) plants and animals<br />
(b) weeds, trees, animals and man<br />
(c) energy flow and mineral cycling<br />
(d) biotic and abiotic<br />
(x) Trophical forests are denser due to<br />
(a) wild animals<br />
(b) high temperature and less rainfall<br />
(c) low temperature and excess rain <br />
(d) high temperature and high rain</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) unidirectional<br />
(ii) (d) producers and consumers<br />
(iii) (d) all the above<br />
(iv) (a) photosynthesis <br />
(v) (b) herbivores<br />
(vi) (b) bacteria, fungi, etc.<br />
(vii) (b) Communities and their physical environment<br />
(viii) (d) solar energy<br />
(ix) (d) biotic and abiotic<br />
(x) (d) high temperature and high rain</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are organisms that depend on others for food called?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Consumers</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the climatic impacts that occur on ecosystems.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
The climatic factors affecting ecosystem are sunlight, temperature, humidity, rainfall and wind.</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
How do variations in temperatures affect plants and animals?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
Low and high temperatures restrict the growth of plants and existence of animal species. Changes in temperature patterns will impact plant life which in turn will influence the animal life, since animals depend directly or indirectly on it for food. During extreme cold and hot conditions, animals either migrate to favourable places, some may hibernate or some may aestivate.</div>
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Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you understand by 'consumers of the first and second orders'?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
Consumers which eat only plants are called consumers of the first order. Consumers that eat herbivores like deer, goats, grasshoppers, etc. are called consumers of the second order.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is water a limiting factor in the deserts?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
Deserts have scanty water, either because there is little rainfall, or because the water evaporates very fast in deserts. Desert species are adapted to less amounts of water and they are capable of surviving for long periods of time in the scarcity of water. The growth of plants and animals and their vital functions are dependent on water intake. Hence water is a vital limiting factor in deserts due to the scant availability of this important resource.</div>
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Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between biotic and abiotic components.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Interaction Between Biotic And Abiotic Factors In An Ecosystem" height="107" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/148772_sw34.GIF" width="488" /></div>
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Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between primary and secondary producers and give examples of each.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Interaction Between Biotic And Abiotic Factors In An Ecosystem" height="126" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/148782_sw35.GIF" width="488" /></div>
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Question 17</div>
<div class="quescont">
What role do vital atmospheric gases play in an ecosystem?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 17</div>
<div class="solncont">
Vital atmospheric gases are oxygen, carbon dioxide and nitrogen. <br />
Oxygen availability seldom becomes a limiting factor for land animals unless they live in soil or invade high altitudes. Plants release oxygen into the air which is used by animals for respiration. During respiration, animals release carbon dioxide which is required by plants for photosynthesis. Nitrogen is an essential gas which is vital for the growth and sustenance of organisms.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-76442910447642505382020-03-23T03:59:00.003-07:002020-03-23T03:59:46.948-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 11 - Understanding EcoSystems<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 11 - Understanding EcoSystems</h2>
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Chapter 11 - Understanding EcoSystems Exercise 94</h2>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you understand by the term 'environment'?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Environment is the sum of all external conditions and influences that affect organisms. The environment may be divided into biotic i.e. living and abiotic i.e. non-living components.</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Each question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
<br />
(i) Ecosystem may be defined as<br />
(a) a species along with environment.<br />
(b) plants found in water<br />
(c) plants found on land<br />
(d) all plants and animal species along with environment.<br />
(ii) A pond/ lake is<br />
(a) a biome<br />
(b) a natural ecosystem<br />
(c) an artificial ecosystem<br />
(d) a community of plants and animals only<br />
(iii) Biome is<br />
(a) the fauna of an ocean<br />
(b) the flora of land<br />
(c) communities of organisms interacting with one another<br />
(d) the part of the earth and its atmosphere which is inhabited by living organisms.<br />
(iv) Word ecosystem was coined by<br />
(a) Aristotle<br />
(b) Odum<br />
(c) Tansley<br />
(d) Linnaeus<br />
(v) Annual rainfall in the area of deciduous forest is<br />
(a) over 300 cm<br />
(b) 200-250 cm<br />
(c) 100-150 cm<br />
(d) 50-75 cm<br />
(vi) Which one is not a factor of the abiotic environment?<br />
(a) Sunlight<br />
(b) Decomposers<br />
(c) Water<br />
(d) Temperature</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d) all plants and animal species along with environment.<br />
(ii) (c) an artificial ecosystem<br />
(iii) (c) communities of organisms interacting with one another<br />
(iv) (c) Tansley<br />
(v) (c) 100-150 cm<br />
(vi) (b) Decomposers</div>
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the term 'ecosystem'.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Ecosystems are units consisting of living things and their specific habitats in the biosphere where living things interact with each other and their environment.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is man-made ecosystem formed?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Man made ecosystem is formed by major human modification or alteration in the natural environment. Examples of man-made ecosystems are aquarium, park, grassland, garden etc.</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name two major types of ecosystems.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Two major types of ecosystems are natural ecosystem and artificial ecosystem.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two features of forest ecosystem.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Two features of forests are:<br />
(i) It includes a complex assemblage of different kinds of biotic and abiotic factors.<br />
(ii) The temperature and rainfall conditions of a place determine the nature and characteristics of forests.</div>
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Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
List the characteristic flora of the coniferous forests?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
The trees in coniferous forests are found in single strands with no undergrowth. Plants predominantly found here include firs, pines, spruces and hemlock while the ground is covered with mosses, grasses, sedges and herbs that are adapted to cold.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
In which parts of the world are tropical rainforests found?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Tropical rainforests are found in regions that experience high temperature, high humidity, heavy and well-distributed rainfall all year round. These regions lack seasonal changes and there is little difference between the length of days and nights.<br />
Tropical rainforests mainly occur inside the World's equatorial regions. They are restricted to the small land area between the Tropic of Capricorn and the Tropic of Cancer.</div>
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Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a forest biome? Explain its features.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Forest biome refers to the naturally occurring community of flora and fauna occupying the forest. <br />
Features of forest biomes are:<br />
(i) In tropical rainforest biomes, there is an amazing biodiversity of plants and animals. Trees are tall, with buttressed trunks and shallow roots, mostly evergreen, with large dark green leaves. Plants such as orchids, bromeliads, vines, lianas, ferns, mosses, and palms are present in tropical forests. Fauna include numerous birds, bats, amphibians, reptiles, small mammals, and a huge diversity of insects.<br />
(ii) In deciduous rainforest biomes, many types of tall and short trees, shrubs, herbs, mosses and lichens are found occupying five different layers. Also a huge variety of fauna like panda, brown bear, hedgehog etc are found. <br />
(iii) Not much biodiversity occurs in coniferous forest biomes. The trees here are found in single strands with no undergrowth. Plants predominantly found here include firs, pines, spruces and hemlock while the ground is covered with mosses, grasses, sedges and herbs that are adapted to cold. Fur bearing animals are found abundantly like brown bear, fox, mink, beavers, deer and large birds of prey like red tailed hawks. Many animals migrate or hibernate during the extremely cold winters.</div>
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Question 10</div>
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Differentiate between terrestrial and aquatic ecosystem.</div>
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Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Understanding Ecosystems" height="138" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/148692_sw33.GIF" width="643" /></div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-86376697749586767402020-03-22T21:45:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:45:15.566-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 10 - Respiration in Plants<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 10 - Respiration in Plants</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 10 - Respiration in Plants Exercise 87</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Answer the following:<br />
(a) What do you understand by respiration?<br />
(b) What are the respiratory substrates? Give two examples.<br />
(c) Write the overall equation of aerobic respiration.<br />
(d) What is alcoholic fermentation?<br />
(e) Which process is common to aerobic and anaerobic respiration?<br />
(f) Where does glycolysis take place in the living cell?<br />
(g) Name the cell organelle in which Kreb's take place.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="289" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153622_sw74.GIF" width="622" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Distinguish between:<br />
(a) Fermentation and anaerobic respiration.<br />
(b) Aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.<br />
(c) Respiration and combustion.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="391" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153632_sw75.GIF" width="653" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
How will you demonstrate that energy is released during aerobic and anaerobic respiration?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="460" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153642_sw76.GIF" width="630" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Do you agree that respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis?</div>
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Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Yes, respiration is the reverse of photosynthesis.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) - (b) nutrients are oxidized without using molecular oxygen by the process of fermentation.<br />
(ii) - (c) is the best organic substrate for respiration.<br />
(iii) - (a) partial breakdown of food substance. <br />
(iv) - (e) the series of change from glucose to pyruvic acid in respiration.<br />
(v) - (d) the intermediate substance in the breakdown of glucose.</div>
</div>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg88">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 10 - Respiration in Plants Exercise 88</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="409" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153672_sw78.GIF" width="568" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="208" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153672_sw79.GIF" width="625" /></div>
</div>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks:<br />
(a) Fermentation is a type of ______ respiration.<br />
(b) The first phase of respiration is ______.<br />
(c) ______ is the last product of glycolysis.<br />
(d) The final hydrogen acceptor in aerobic respiration is ______.<br />
(e) In living cells glycolysis occurs in ______.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Anaerobic<br />
(b) Glycolysis<br />
(c) Pyruvic acid<br />
(d) Oxygen<br />
(e) Cytoplasm</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write True or False against each of the following statements:<br />
(a) Combustion is a biological process.<br />
(b) Kreb's cycle is common to both types of respiration.<br />
(c) Glycolysis takes place in the crystal of the mitochondria.<br />
(d) Protein is the first choice as a respiratory substrate.<br />
(e) The respiration is faster than combustion.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) False<br />
(b) False<br />
(c) False<br />
(d) False<br />
(e) False</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="455" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153692_sw80.GIF" width="569" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) To show that heat is evolved during respiration<br />
(b) In flask A, moist seeds respire and produce heat that increases the temperature.<br />
(c) If formalin was not used, bacteria will grow on the dry seeds and respire anaerobically to produce a little heat.</div>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 10 - Respiration in Plants Exercise 89</h2>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Complete the following statement by selecting the correct alternative from the ones given within brackets: The immediate source of energy for metabolic reactions in a living cell is ______.<br />
(glucose ATP, protein)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
glucose ATP</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
(a) Give the overall chemical equation that represents anaerobic respiration in plants.<br />
(b) Mention any three points in which respiration is exactly opposite of photosynthesis.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="187" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153722_sw81.GIF" width="648" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="570" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153732_sw82.GIF" width="559" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) To absorb carbon dioxide produced during respiration<br />
(b) If these are not soaked in disinfectant, the bacterial growth may be there in the tube Y and accurate result may not be obtained due to bacterial respiration. <br />
(c) The germinating peas respire and oxygen is used which create a vacuum in the tube. So coloured water has risen in tube1.<br />
(d) Respiration<br />
(e) It is defined as the stepwise oxidation of glucose in the living cells to release energy.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write scientific terms for the following:<br />
(a) The power house of the cell.<br />
(b) Anaerobic respiration in the muscles.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) mitochondria<br />
(b) Fermentation</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between glycolysis and Kreb's cycle (reaction site of the process in a cell).</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="75" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153752_sw83.GIF" width="646" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between aerobic and anaerobic respiration (end-products of the process)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Respiration In Plants" height="57" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/153762_sw84.GIF" width="643" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Complete the following statements by choosing the correct alternative out of those given within brackets.<br />
(a) Every living cell of the plant (respire / photosynthesizes / as well as photosynthesizes).<br />
(b) Normally, respiration takes place in (day / night / day and night).<br />
(c) Carbon dioxide and water are formed in (photosynthesis / aerobic respiration / anaerobic respiration).<br />
(d) In respiration, temperature (rises / comes down / remains the same).<br />
(e) In respiration, energy is released in (controlled manner / uncontrolled manner / the form of light).</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Respires<br />
(b) Day and night<br />
(c) Aerobic respiration<br />
(d) Rises<br />
(e) Controlled manner</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg90">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 10 - Respiration in Plants Exercise 90</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the following:<br />
(a) The process of living beings which is concerned with the release of energy for use in the body.<br />
(b) The energy currency of the body.<br />
(c) The respiration that takes place in the presence of oxygen.<br />
(d) The respiration takes place in the absence of oxygen.<br />
(e) The chemicals generally used to absorb carbon dioxide in respiratory experiments.<br />
(f) The solution that turns milky when carbon dioxide is passed through that solution.<br />
(g) The products formed as a result of aerobic respiration.<br />
(h) The products formed as a result of anaerobic respiration.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Respiration<br />
(b) ATP<br />
(c) Aerobic respiration<br />
(d) Anaerobic respiration<br />
(e) Caustic potash and KOH<br />
(f) Lime water<br />
(g) Carbon dioxide and water<br />
(h) Ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) In the process of respiration<br />
(a) ADP is converted to ATP.<br />
(b) Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide.<br />
(c) Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.<br />
(d) Pyruvic acid is converted to ATP.<br />
(ii) Which order is right for cellular respiration from the following<br />
(a) Electron transfer, glycolysis, Kreb's cycle.<br />
(b) Kreb's cycle, electron transfer, glycolysis.<br />
(c) Electron transfer, Kreb's cycle, glycolysis.<br />
(d) Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, electron transfer.<br />
(iii) Less energy is liberated in anaerobic respiration in yeast in comparison with aerobic respiration because<br />
(a) Energy is not formed by oxygen.<br />
(b) Less CO2 is formed.<br />
(c) Energy is left in alcohol.<br />
(d) Yeast requires less energy.<br />
(iv) The role of oxygen in cellular respiration<br />
(a) To form CO<sub>2</sub> <br />
(b) To liberate energy from hydrogen storage.<br />
(c) To change pyruvate into acetyl CoA.<br />
(d) To accept hydrogen and form water.<br />
(v) The materials formed in anaerobic respiration are<br />
(a) CO<sub>2</sub> and water<br />
(b) CO<sub>2</sub> and alcohol<br />
(c) CO<sub>2</sub> and formaldehyde<br />
(d) CO<sub>2</sub> and haemoglobin<br />
(vi) The reactions of Kerb's cycle occurs in<br />
(a) Lysosomes<br />
(b) grana<br />
(c) Mitochondria<br />
(d) endoplasmic reticulum<br />
(vii) Who discovered the Kreb's cycle?<br />
(a) Kolliker<br />
(b) Hens Krebs<br />
(c) Altman<br />
(d) Benda<br />
(viii) Alcohol is produced during the process of<br />
(a) photosynthesis<br />
(b) aerobic respiration<br />
(c) combustion<br />
(d) fermentation<br />
(ix) The energy liberated during respiration is stored in the form of<br />
(a) heat<br />
(b) ATP<br />
(c) ADP<br />
(d) NADP<br />
(x) Mitochondria is the storage house for:<br />
(a) NADH<br />
(b) Pyruvic acid<br />
(c) ATP<br />
(d) Citric acid<br />
(xi) How many ATP molecules are gained in glycolysis?<br />
(a) Zero<br />
(b) Two<br />
(c) Four<br />
(d) Eight<br />
(xii) Where does the glycolysis take place?<br />
(a) In cytoplasm<br />
(b) In chloroplast<br />
(c) In ribosome<br />
(d) In mitochondria<br />
(xiii) The energy liberated in aerobic respiration is<br />
(a) 637 Kcal<br />
(b) 600 Kcal<br />
(c) 673 Kcal<br />
(d) 693 Kcal</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (c) Glucose is converted to carbon dioxide and water, releasing energy.<br />
(ii) (d) Glycolysis, Kreb's cycle, electron transfer<br />
(iii) (c) Energy is left in alcohol.<br />
(iv) (d) To accept hydrogen and form water.<br />
(v) (b) CO<sub>2</sub> and alcohol<br />
(vi) (c) mitochondria<br />
(vii) (b) Hens Krebs<br />
(viii) (d) fermentation<br />
(ix) (b) ATP<br />
(x) (c) ATP<br />
(xi) (b) Two<br />
(xii) (a) In cytoplasm<br />
(xiii) (c) 673 Kcal</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-7553392532263178812020-03-22T21:44:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:44:09.943-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 9 - Seeds: Structure and Germination<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 9 - Seeds: Structure and Germination</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 9 - Seeds: Structure and Germination Exercise 78</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(a) Seed<br />
(b) Germination</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Seed is defined as a fertilized mature ovule which possesses an inactive embryo and reserve food for its further development. <br />
(b) The process by which the dormant embryo of the seed resumes active growth and forms a seedling is known as germination.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the following terms:<br />
(a) Albuminous seed<br />
(b) Dormancy<br />
(c) Hypogeal germination<br />
(d) Epigeal germination</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Albuminous seed - In some dicotyledons and monocotyledons, the <br />
food is stored mainly in the endosperm. Such seeds are called albuminous seeds. Example - Seeds of castor, cereals and grasses.<br />
(b) Dormancy - Seed dormancy is a condition of plant seeds that prevents germination under optimal environmental conditions. Here the seed is in a state of apparent inactivity and will not grow even if favorable conditions are provided, until a definite time has elapsed.<br />
(c) Hypogeal germination - In this germination, the seed remains inside the soil since epicotyl elongates faster than hypocotyl. Hence the cotyledons remain inside the soil. Example - Wheat, rice, pea, mango.<br />
(d) Epigeal germination - It is a type of germination in which cotyledons are pushed above the soil into the air and light. This occurs due to rapid growth and elongation of the hypocotyl. Example - Bean, cotton, castor, papaya, onion, tamarind.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
A seed is provided with all the conditions necessary for germination. Yet it fails to germinate. Explain.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
This is because the seed is in a state of dormancy. In this case, even if all the favorable conditions are provided, the seed remains in a state of apparent inactivity and only germinates after a definite time has elapsed.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the functions of the following:<br />
(a) Seed coat (b) Micropyle<br />
(c) Endosperm (d) Cotyledons</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Seed coat is the outer covering of seed. It protects the inner contents of the seed.<br />
(b) Micropyle allows entry of water into the embryo.<br />
(c) Endosperm contains stored food mostly as starch.<br />
(d) Cotyledons store food material for the embryo.</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the following:<br />
(a) The part of the seed which gives out the shoot.<br />
(b) The protective sheath covering the radical in the maize grain.<br />
(c) The part of castor seed that stores food.<br />
(d) The small opening through which water enters the seeds.<br />
(e) What is formed from radical and plumule?<br />
(f) In which part of the maize-seed food is stored?<br />
(g) The type of germination in which the cotyledons come above ground.<br />
(h) The type of germination in which the cotyledons stay below the ground.<br />
(i) Lightest seed.<br />
(j) Largest seed.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Plumule<br />
(b) Coleorhiza<br />
(c) Endosperm<br />
(d) Micropyle<br />
(e) Root and shoot<br />
(f) Endosperm<br />
(g) Epigeal germination<br />
(h) Hypogeal germination<br />
(i) Orchis seed<br />
(j) Seed of Lodoicea moldivica</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg79">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 9 - Seeds: Structure and Germination Exercise 79</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain, why seeds sown in too deep in the soil fail to germinate.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
If the seeds are sown too deep in the soil, they may not get sufficient oxygen required for respiration and hence will fail to germinate.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the structure of a seed by suitable diagram.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Seeds Structure And Germination" height="487" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146802_sw32.GIF" width="642" /></div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Food is stored in the seeds of castor<br />
(a) in radicle<br />
(b) in plumule<br />
(c) in cotyledons<br />
(d) in endosperm<br />
(ii) Caruncle is present in<br />
(a) wheat<br />
(b) maize<br />
(c) paddy<br />
(d) castor bean <br />
(iii) Essential condition for germination is<br />
(a) water<br />
(b) oxygen<br />
(c) temperature<br />
(d) all the above<br />
(iv) Hypogeal germination is present in<br />
(a) pea<br />
(b) bean<br />
(c) castor<br />
(d) maize<br />
(v) Largest seed is<br />
(a) double coconut<br />
(b) coconut<br />
(c) heartnut<br />
(d) walnut<br />
(vi) The collective term for the stages that lead to the formation of seedling from a seed is<br />
(a) dormancy<br />
(b) germination<br />
(c) viability<br />
(d) none of these</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d) in endosperm<br />
(ii) (d) castor bean<br />
(iii) (d) all the above<br />
(iv) (d) maize<br />
(v) (a) double coconut<br />
(vi) (b) germination</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between:<br />
(a) Coleorhiza and Coleoptile.<br />
(b) Albuminous seed and Exalbuminous seed.<br />
(c) Epigeal germination and Hypogeal germination.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Seeds Structure And Germination" height="378" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146752_sw31.GIF" width="599" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give two examples each of:<br />
(a) Dicotyledonous albuminous seeds.<br />
(b) Monocotyledonous albuminous seeds. <br />
(c) Dicotyledonous non-endospermic seeds showing hypogeal germination.<br />
(d) Monocotyledonous endospermic seeds showing hypogeal germination.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) castor, papaya<br />
(b) grasses, wheat<br />
(c) pea, mango<br />
(d) wheat, rice</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Briefly, explain the factors that are necessary for germination.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
The factors necessary for germination are:<br />
(i) Water - Water is essential for seed germination since protoplasm becomes active only when saturated with water. Water facilitates the necessary chemical changes in food material. Also enzymatic reaction occurs only in the water medium. Water when imbibed by the seed coat makes it soft and swollen. Then the seed coat bursts open, helping the embryo come out easily.<br />
(ii) Temperature - A suitable temperature is essential for seed germination since many physiological processes occur within the seed during germination. Seeds fail to germinate below 0<sup>?</sup>C or above 45<sup>?</sup>C. Optimum temperature for seed germination is 15-30<sup>?</sup>C.<br />
(iii) Oxygen - During germination, embryo resumes growth and for this energy is required. This energy comes from the oxidation of food material stored in the endosperm or cotyledons. This process requires oxygen.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe three beans experiment. What does it demonstrate?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Apparatus required for three beans experiment are beaker, bean seeds and wooden piece.<br />
The air-dried seeds are attached to a piece of wood, one at each end and one in the middle. This is then placed in a beaker and water is poured into it till the middle seed is half immersed in it. The beaker is then left in a warm place for a couple of days. From time to time, water is added to maintain the original level. <br />
It is observed that after a couple of days that the bean in the middle germinates normally since it has sufficient water, oxygen and temperature. The bottom seed gets sufficient water and temperature but not oxygen hence it may develop a radicle but doesn't grow further. The upper seed gets oxygen and temperature but not water and hence fails to germinate. <br />
This experiment shows that water, temperature and oxygen are essential for seed germination and that germination will not occur if any one of these factors are absent.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-29055696074987863002020-03-22T21:43:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:43:04.340-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 8 - Pollination and Fertilization<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 8 - Pollination and Fertilization</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 8 - Pollination and Fertilization Exercise 72</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe pollination. How many types of pollinations are found?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Pollination is the transfer of pollen grains from the anther to the stigma of the same or another flower. <br />
The male gametes are produced inside pollen grains located in the anthers of androecium whereas the female gametes are produced in the ovules located in the ovary of gynoecium. For forming zygote, the male gametes need to be transferred to the gynoecium for fusing with the female gametes. This is achieved through pollination. Pollination occurs through insects, wind or other agents.<br />
There are two types of pollination - Self pollination and cross pollination.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
What happens to the ovary post fertilization?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
After fertilization, ovary undergoes two important changes:<br />
(i) The ovules develop into seeds<br />
(ii) The ovary walls thicken and ripen into pericarp or fruit wall.</div>
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Do you think fruits are important for the plant?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Yes, fruits are important for the plant since the seeds mature inside it. Fruits are colourful and tasty and hence eaten by animals. This helps in far and wide dispersal of the seeds.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Pollination by insect is known as<br />
(a) hydrophily<br />
(b) anemophily<br />
(c) entomophily<br />
(d) none of these<br />
(ii) Chiropterophily means pollination by<br />
(a) bats<br />
(b) birds<br />
(c) water<br />
(d) wind<br />
(iii) Pollination carried by birds is<br />
(a) ornithophily<br />
(b) hydrophily<br />
(c) chiropterophily<br />
(d) entomophily<br />
(iv) One male gamete fuses with the egg and forms a diploid zygote. This process is called<br />
(a) syngamy<br />
(b) triple fusion<br />
(c) fertilization<br />
(d) none of these<br />
(v) The study of fruits is known as<br />
(a) analogy<br />
(b) cytology<br />
(c) pomology<br />
(d) spermology<br />
(vi) When only ovary forms fruits they are known as<br />
(a) false fruits<br />
(b) true fruits<br />
(c) testa<br />
(d) none of these</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (c) entomophily<br />
(ii) (a) bats<br />
(iii) (a) ornithophily<br />
(iv) (a) syngamy<br />
(v) (c) pomology<br />
(vi) (b) true fruits</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write different modes of pollination in detail with suitable examples.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
The two modes of pollination are:<br />
(i) Self-pollination - It is the transfer of pollens produced within the anther of a flower to the stigma of the same flower or to the stigma of another flower of the same plant. In such flowers, pollination is ensured since the flowers bear similar genetic characters. Self pollination can occur in bisexual or monoecious flowers. Examples of plants showing self pollination are Mirabilis, Arachis etc.<br />
(ii) Cross pollination - It is the transfer of pollen grains from the anthers of a flower of one plant to the stigma of a flower of another plant. Cross pollination occurs in unisexual or dioecious flowers such as papaya, maize, jasmine, rose etc.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between cross pollination and self pollination along with the advantages and disadvantages of each.</div>
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Solution 6</div>
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Question 7</div>
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What are the adaptations which are required in cross pollinated and self pollinated plants?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Adaptations required by self pollinated plants are:<br />
(i) Bisexuality - Self pollination occurs only in bisexual flowers. <br />
(ii) Homogamy - Both anther and stigma need to mature at the same time.<br />
(iii) Cleistogamy - Flowers which are bisexual and never open are called cleistogamous flowers. They are small, colourless, odourless and without nectar. The pollen grains fall on the stigma inside the closed flower. Example - Arachis<br />
Adaptations required by cross pollinated plants are:<br />
(i) Unisexuality - The stamens and carpels are found in different flowers. The male and female flowers may be borne on the same or different plants.<br />
(ii) Dichogamy - In bisexual flowers, stamens and carpels mature at different times. It is of two kinds:<br />
(a) Protandry wherein stamens mature before carpels. E.g - jasmine<br />
(b) Protogyny wherein carpels mature before stamens. E.g. - Rose<br />
(iii) Heterostyly - Here the style is either longer or shorter, thereby preventing self pollination. <br />
(iv) Herkogamy - Stigma and stamen mature at the same time, but some type of barrier prevents self pollination. E.g. - In caryophyllaceous flower, the stigma projects beyond the stamens so that pollens cannot fall on it.<br />
(v) Self-sterility - Pollen of one flower cannot fertilize the female gametes of the same flower.</div>
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Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the pollination process in maize and <em>Salvia</em>.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
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Question 9</div>
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Define fertilization.</div>
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Solution 9</div>
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Fertilisation is defined as the fusion of the male and female gametes.</div>
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Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the function of pollen tube? Explain with the help of a diagram.</div>
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Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
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Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain double fertilization and its significance.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
In angiosperms, during fertilization, one male gamete fuses with the egg cell and forms diploid zygote in a process called syngamy. The other male gamete fuses with the two polar nuclei to form a triploid nucleus called primary endosperm nucleus. This process is called triple fusion. Since fertilization takes place twice here, so this process is called double fertilization.<br />
Significance - Due to double fertilization, triploid nucleus develops into endosperm which serves as nutrition for embryo.</div>
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Question 12</div>
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What is a fruit?</div>
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Solution 12</div>
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Fruit is a ripened ovary containing one or more seeds.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-35721295502024766392020-03-22T21:41:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:41:04.754-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 7 - Flowers<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 7 - Flowers</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 7 - Flowers Exercise 64</h2>
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Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write in detail the structure of a typical flower studied by you with the help of a labelled diagram.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
A flower is the reproductive unit in angiosperms. It is a modified shoot in which internodes are shortened and leaves are modified into floral structure. Flower is meant for sexual reproduction.<br />
A typical flower has four different kinds of whorls arranged successively on the swollen parts of a flower stalk. Flower stalk consists of the stalk called pedicel and the swollen upper part called thalamus bearing the floral leaves. <br />
The different floral whorls are calyx, corolla, androecium and gynoecium. Calyx and corolla are accessory whorls, while androecium and gynoecium are reproductive whorls. <br />
(i) Calyx - The calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower and its members are called sepals. Generally, sepals are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud stage. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis. The calyx may be gamosepalous (sepals united) or polysepalous (sepals free).<br />
(ii) Corolla - It is the second whorl composed of floral leaves called petals. Petals are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the inner whorls. Like calyx, corolla may be also free (gamopetalous) or united (polypetalous). The shape and colour of corolla vary greatly in plants. <br />
(iii) Androecium - It is the third whorl and is the male reproductive whorl of a flower. Androecium is composed of one or more stamens. Each stamen consists of three parts:<br />
(a) Filament - It is the lower stalk of the stamen. <br />
(b) Anther - Filament bears a bilobed fertile structure called anther at its distal end. Each lobe contains two pollen sacs. The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs. <br />
(c) Connective - Filament of the stamen is extended in between the two anther lobes called connective. <br />
(iv) Gynoecium - It is the innermost whorl and the female reproductive part of the flower. Gynoecium is made up of one or more carpels. A carpel consists of three parts namely stigma, style and ovary. <br />
Ovary is the swollen basal part containing ovules. Each ovary bears one or more ovules attached to a flattened, cushion-like structure called placenta. <br />
Style is the elongated thread like structure attached to the apex of the ovary. It connects the ovary to the stigma. <br />
The stigma is situated at the tip of the style and is the receptive surface for pollen grains.<br />
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Flowers" height="314" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146432_sw22.GIF" width="477" /></div>
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Question 2</div>
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What do you mean by essential and non-essential parts of flowers? Give their functions.</div>
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Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
The androecium and gynoecium are the essential parts of a flower because they are involved in sexual reproduction. <br />
Androecium is the male reproductive organ of a flower and is involved in producing male gametes. <br />
Gynoecium is the female reproductive part of the flower and produces the female gametes.<br />
<br />
The non-essential or accessory parts of flowers are the calyx and corolla since they do not directly participate in the process of sexual reproduction leading to the development of seed. <br />
Sepals of calyx are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud stage. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis.<br />
Petals of corolla are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination; they also protect the inner whorls.</div>
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Question 3</div>
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What do you mean by hypogynous, perigynous and epigynous ovary?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Flowers" height="360" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146532_sw26.GIF" width="638" /></div>
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Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between:<br />
(a) Flower and Inflorescence<br />
(b) Racemose and Cymose inflorescence<br />
(c) Marginal and Parietal placentation<br />
(d) Ray florets and Disc florets</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write four lines on the following:<br />
(a) Androecium<br />
(b) Gynoecium<br />
(c) Calyx<br />
(d) Corolla</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Androecium - It is the third whorl and is the male reproductive organ of a flower. Androecium is composed of one or more stamens. Each stamen consists of three parts: Filament, Anther and Connective. The pollen grains are produced in pollen-sacs on the anthers. <br />
(b) Gynoecium - It is the innermost whorl and is the female reproductive part of the flower. Gynoecium is made up of one or more carpels. A carpel consists of three parts namely stigma, style and ovary. Ovary is the swollen basal part containing ovules. <br />
(c) Calyx - The calyx is the outermost whorl of the flower and its members are called sepals. Generally, sepals are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud stage. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis. The calyx may be gamosepalous (sepals united) or polysepalous (sepals free).<br />
(d) Corolla - It is the second whorl composed of floral leaves called petals. Petals are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the inner whorls. Like calyx, corolla may be also free (gamopetalous) or united (polypetalous).</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following terms and mention their main functions:<br />
(a) Inflorescence<br />
(b) Gynoecium<br />
(c) Placentation<br />
(d) Incomplete flower<br />
(e) Perianth</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Inflorescence - The arrangement of flowers on the floral axis is called inflorescence.<br />
Function - Inflorescence facilitates the best arrangement and display of flowers on a branch without any sort of overcrowding. It also facilitates pollination via a prominent visual display and more efficient pollen uptake and deposition. <br />
(b) Gynoecium - It is the innermost whorl of the flower bearing the female reproductive parts. <br />
Function - The ovary of gynoecium produces ovules which bear the female gamete. <br />
(c) Placentation - The manner in which placenta and ovules are arranged inside the ovary wall is known as placentation. <br />
Function - Placentation helps in the best arrangement of ovules within the ovary. Placentation also helps in plant classification. <br />
(d) Incomplete flower - A flower lacking one whorl out of the four whorls is said to be incomplete flower.<br />
Function - An incomplete flower contains either male or female reproductive organs.<br />
(e) Perianth - When the calyx and corolla are not distinct in a flower (eg. - lily), the whorl is collectively called perianth. <br />
Function - The members of perianth, called tepals are usually brightly coloured and bear scent. This attracts insects which aids in pollination. They also protect the flower in bud condition.</div>
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Question 7</div>
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Write down the different positions of floral leaves on the thalamus in detail?</div>
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Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Flowers" height="384" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146452_sw23.GIF" width="640" /></div>
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Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the significance of flowers in the plant and how many types of flowers are there?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
The flower is the reproductive unit in the angiosperms and is meant for sexual reproduction. Flowers produce seeds from which new plants grow in future. So the main function of flower is to perpetuate the species.<br />
There are six different types of flowers. These are complete, incomplete, bisexual, unisexual, actinomorphic and zygomorphic.</div>
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Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write a difference between<br />
(a) Calyx and Corolla<br />
(b) Inflorescence and Flower<br />
(c) Androecium and Gynoecium<br />
(d) Hypogyny and Perigyny<br />
(e) A complete flower and an Incomplete Flower</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Flowers" height="925" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146472_sw93.GIF" width="618" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you mean by persistent calyx?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
In certain flowers like tomato and brinjal, the calyx remains attached even after the formation of the fruit and does not wither away. Such calyx is called persistent calyx.</div>
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Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain the function of Calyx.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Calyx is the outermost whorl of a flower which is composed of sepals. Generally these sepals are green, leaf like and protect the inner whorls of the flower in bud condition. They are also involved in producing food by photosynthesis.</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
How many whorls are present in a typical flower? Write the names of the components of every whorl.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Flowers" height="149" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146502_sw25.GIF" width="547" /></div>
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Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is corolla? Write the name of its unit.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
Corolla is the second whorl composed of floral leaves called petals. Petals are usually brightly coloured to attract insects for pollination. Petals also protect the inner whorls. The shape and colour of corolla vary greatly in plants.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg65">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 7 - Flowers Exercise 65</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give one example of each of the following:<br />
(a) Actinomorphic flower<br />
(b) Complete flower<br />
(c) Bisexual flower<br />
(d) Inferior ovary<br />
(e) Persistent calyx<br />
(f) Catkin inflorescence</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Datura<br />
(b) Cotton<br />
(c) Cotton<br />
(d) Sunflower<br />
(e) Tomato<br />
(f) Mulberry</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer.<br />
(i) Thalamus is a <br />
(a) stem<br />
(b) condensed stem<br />
(c) plumule<br />
(d) condensed plumule<br />
(ii) Meaning of gamosepalous is<br />
(a) free calyx<br />
(b) jointed calyx<br />
(c) calyx petaloid<br />
(d) spiny calyx<br />
(iii) Four whorls of a flower are located on<br />
(a) flower axis<br />
(b) pedicel<br />
(c) thalamus<br />
(d) none of these<br />
(iv) The shape of anther in shoe-flower is<br />
(a) reniform<br />
(b) rounded<br />
(c) linear<br />
(d) appendiculate<br />
(v) Sunflower's inflorescence is<br />
(a) corymb<br />
(b) umbel<br />
(c) capitulum<br />
(d) cyathium</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (b) condensed stem<br />
(ii) (b) jointed calyx<br />
(iii) (c) thalamus<br />
(iv) (a) reniform<br />
(v) (c) capitulum</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-85227754063115328302020-03-22T21:36:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:36:23.290-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 6 - Biotechnology Applications<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 6 - Biotechnology Applications</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 6 - Biotechnology Applications Exercise 53</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is biotechnology?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Biotechnology is the study and use of techniques using living organisms or their products for the benefit of human race. It is the controlled use of biological agents such as microorganisms or cellular components for beneficial uses.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Biotechnology Applications" height="212" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146402_sw21.GIF" width="406" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Koji - Japan<br />
Gari - Africa<br />
Temph - Indonesia<br />
Vinegar - Fermentation<br />
Baking - Yeast</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the Blanks:<br />
(a) ______ and ______ are made in South India by fermentation of rice and black gram paste.<br />
(b) ______ and ______ are obtained in breweries.<br />
(c) ______ is one of the hormones synthesized by genetically modified microbes.<br />
(d) Forensic science has helped in arresting dangerous ______.<br />
(e) Biotechnology is the marriage of ______ with ______.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Idli, dosa<br />
(b) Wine, beer<br />
(c) Insulin<br />
(d) Criminals<br />
(e) biological sciences, technology</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Biotechnology has enabled production of <br />
(a) hormones<br />
(b) vitamins<br />
(c) vaccines<br />
(d) all of the above<br />
(ii) Gari is made by<br />
(a) sterilization<br />
(b) acid fermentation<br />
(c) baking<br />
(d) none of these<br />
(iii) The Aryans made ______ as offering to God.<br />
(a) Rasa<br />
(b) Soma<br />
(c) Arka<br />
(d) Jal<br />
(iv) Vaccines are<br />
(a) weakened pathogens<br />
(b) strong pathogens<br />
(c) vitamins<br />
(d) hormones<br />
(v) Vinegar is actually<br />
(a) acetic acid<br />
(b) lactic acid<br />
(c) tartaric acid<br />
(d) citric acid</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d) all of the above<br />
(ii) (b) acid fermentation<br />
(iii) (b) Soma<br />
(iv) (a) weakened pathogens<br />
(v) (a) acetic acid</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Is biotechnology an independent subject?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Yes.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you know about utilization of microbes in ancient times?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Since ancient times, microbes have been exploited for fermentation, baking etc. even without any idea of the mechanism behind them. The various ways in which microbes were utilized in ancient times are:<br />
(i) In ancient times (before 2500 B.C.), the Aryans used to prepare 'Soma' as offering to God.<br />
(ii) Preparations of curds, cheese, paneer, butter etc. from milk are age-old techniques.<br />
(iii) In Roman times, cheese was processed from milk and its nutritive value was recognized.<br />
(iv) For baking, leftover dough was applied from a previous batch of bread on leavened bread.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Mention some food items prepared with the help of microbes around the world.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Some food items prepared using microbes are bread, idli and dosa (South India), soya sauce, koji (Japan), temph (Indonesia), curd, cheese, butter and gari (West Africa)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name two pioneer institutes in the field of biotechnology in India.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Two pioneer institutes in the field of Biotechnology in India are:<br />
(i) Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai<br />
(ii) Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give four industrial applications of biotechnology.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Four industrial applications of biotechnology are:<br />
(i) Biotechnology is used to produce various alcoholic beverages like wine, beer, whisky, brandy and rum. For this purpose, brewer's yeast is used for fermenting malted cereals and fruit juices. Depending on the type of the raw material used for fermentation and the type of processing, different types of alcoholic drinks are obtained. <br />
(ii) Biotechnology also helps in the commercial production of non-alcoholic beverages like tea and coffee. Here microbes are used in a fermentation process called curing.<br />
(iii) Vinegar i.e. acetic acid is obtained by the fermentation of fruit juices.<br />
(iv) A number of organic acids like citric acid, lactic acid, butyric acid etc. are obtained by biotechnological methods by employing several acid producing microbes.<br />
(v) Biotechnological techniques help in the production of certain enzymes for industrial use. For example proteases, lipases and amylases are obtained from cultures of yeasts like Saccharomyces and Torula and certain bacteria. <br />
(Write any 4)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
(a) What are biofertilizers?<br />
(b) Explain "Biological control".</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Biofertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. The main sources of biofertilisers are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria. Certain bacteria and blue-green algae fix atmospheric nitrogen and make it available to plants. <br />
(ii) Certain microorganisms control or prevent spread of other organisms. They are utilized as bio-control agents. Example - Certain fungi which kill agricultural weeds are utilized as bio-weedicides.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
How are microbes used to<br />
(a) Treat Sewage<br />
(b) Produce Gobar Gas?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) In sewage treatment plants, microbes are utilized as scavengers to remove organic matter from sewage. Bacteria, algae and fungi play important roles in sewage treatment. <br />
(b) Gobar gas or biogas is obtained from cowdung, garbage etc. when it is placed in biogas plants where anaerobic bacteria produce methane etc. The waste slurry is used as manure.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give five applications of biotechnology in the field of medicine.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
Five applications of biotechnology in the field of medicine are:<br />
(i) Antibiotics - Antibiotics are chemical substances, which are produced by some microbes and can kill or retard the growth of other pathogenic microbes, without harming the host. Biotechnology has helped us to obtain pure and large amounts of antibiotics from microbes. Examples of antibiotics obtained from microbes are penicillin, tetracycline, streptomycin etc. The world's first discovered antibiotic penicillin is produced by Penicillium species of fungi. It destroys bacteria causing tonsillitis, sore throat, gonorrhea, local infections and pneumonia.<br />
(ii) Vaccines - Vaccines are killed or weakened pathogens employed to provide immunity against the diseases caused by them. Using biotechnology, we have been able to produce cheaper, purer, safer and more potent vaccines.<br />
(iii) Antibodies - Antibodies against disease causing pathogens can be obtained through clone cultures. These help to provide immunity against diseases.<br />
(iv) Hormones - Using recombinant DNA technology, humans have succeeded in producing several important hormones. For example - The bacteria E.coli have been successfully used to produce large quantities of human insulin. This is a boon to the many diabetic patients who are deficient in insulin and hence are unable to control their blood sugar. Also this was an improvement over the earlier used animal insulin which was expensive and allergic to many people.<br />
(v) Diagnostic kits - Today many diagnostic kits are available for detecting many diseases especially those caused by parasites. These kits give more reliable and quicker results easily.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-30529565613471657002020-03-22T21:35:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:35:12.664-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 5 - Vegetative Propagation<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 5 - Vegetative Propagation</div>
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Chapter 5 - Vegetative Propagation Exercise 49</h2>
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Question 1</div>
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Describe different artificial methods of vegetative propagation.</div>
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Solution 1</div>
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<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Vegetative Propagation" height="981" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146162_sw19.GIF" width="530" /></div>
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Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is plant hybridisation carried out?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Plant hybridisation is a time consuming process and is carried out between two plants of different species or between two varieties of the same species. <br />
Two parent plants are selected of which one parent has the desired characters. On the female plant, emasculation is carried out i.e. stamens are removed to prevent undesirable fertilization. Then pollen of the male plant is collected and artificially brushed on stigma of emasculated flower. The emasculated flower is kept bagged before and after fertilization to prevent any unwanted cross pollination. After pollination, fertilization takes place and seeds of desired variety are produced.</div>
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Question 3</div>
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How is vegetative propagation economically important?</div>
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Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Vegetative propagation is economically important in the following ways:<br />
(i) Vegetative propagation is helpful in the improvement of food crops, cash crops and ornamentals. <br />
(ii) Plants raised through vegetative propagation are totally identical to the parent plants (clones) and are genetically similar.<br />
(iii) Vegetative propagation is the only method to multiply those plants where seed formation does not occur.<br />
(iv) This is a cheaper, convenient and rapid method of plant multiplication.<br />
(v) It is the only method of reproduction in plants like grapes, roses, Chrysanthemums, pineapples etc. which do not form viable seeds i.e. seeds do not germinate.</div>
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Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the objectives of plant hybridisation? How is this technique beneficial?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
The objectives of plant hybridisation are:<br />
(i) Development of hybrid vigour<br />
(ii) Accumulation of desired traits of two or more plants in a single hybrid.<br />
Plant hybridization is beneficial to us in the following ways:<br />
(i) It is useful in obtaining clones and genetic experimental plants. <br />
(ii) It is a quick and convenient method.<br />
(iii) Hybrid plants are stronger than either parent plant in general and have a higher yield.<br />
(iv) Crop plants giving a much higher yield can be developed using this technique.<br />
(v) Plants resistant to diseases, pests and climatic factors can be produced by hybridization with desired plants or wild species. <br />
(vi) The hybrid plants (especially ornamentals) have more colourful or fragrant flowers that enhance their commercial value.</div>
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Question 5</div>
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What is micropropagation?</div>
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Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
Micropropagation is a technique of propagating plants by culturing cells, tissues or organs. This technique uses a very small amount of the stock plant.</div>
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Question 6</div>
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How is micropropagation carried out?</div>
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Solution 6</div>
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In micropropagation, a piece of tissue such as bud or shoot tip is removed from a plant, sterilized and placed onto a culture medium. The tissue multiplies into an undifferentiated mass of cells called callus. Later it is transferred to a nutrient medium where this tissue differentiates and produces a number of plantlets. The plantlets are then transplanted into pots kept in green houses and then placed in fields to see their performance.</div>
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Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) A method in which roots are induced on the stem while it is still attached to the parent plant is called<br />
(a) cutting<br />
(b) layering<br />
(c) vivipary<br />
(d) grafting<br />
(ii) Grafting is not possible in the monocots because they<br />
(a) have scattered vascular<br />
(b) have parallel venation<br />
(c) lack cambium<br />
(d) are herbaceous<br />
(iii) The form of vegetative reproduction of plants where seeds are formed without fusion of gametes is called<br />
(a) agamospermy<br />
(b) apogamy<br />
(c) polyspermy<br />
(d) syngamy<br />
(iv) The plants produced as a result of vegetative reproduction are<br />
(a) genetically similar to parent plants<br />
(b) both genetically and morphologically similar to parent-plants<br />
(c) dissimilar, both genetically and morphologically<br />
(d) none of these</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (b) layering <br />
(ii) (c) lack cambium<br />
(iii) (a) agamospermy <br />
(iv) (b) both genetically and morphologically similar to parent-plants</div>
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Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write various advantages of vegetative propagation.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
Advantages of vegetative propagation are:<br />
(i) Vegetative propagation is the only method to obtain new plants in those plants where seed formation does not occur.<br />
(ii) This method is cheaper, convenient and rapid method of plant multiplication.<br />
(iii) It is the only method of reproduction in plants like grapes, roses, pineapple etc. which do not form viable seeds.<br />
(iv) Plants raised through vegetative propagation from a single plant form a genetically uniform population called a clone.</div>
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Question 9</div>
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Explain, briefly two methods by which plants can be vegetatively propagated artificially.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
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<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Vegetative Propagation" height="998" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146182_sw20.GIF" width="544" /></div>
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Question 10</div>
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Name two flowering plants that reproduce both by seeds and by vegetative means.</div>
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Solution 10</div>
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Orchids, Rose</div>
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Question 11</div>
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Name four plants which can be propagated by root-cutting and stem-cutting.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
Plants propagated through root cuttings are:<br />
(i) Roses<br />
(ii) Raspberries <br />
(iii) Blackberries<br />
(iv) Crabapple<br />
(v) Fig<br />
(vi) Lilac<br />
Plants propagated through stem cuttings are:<br />
(i) Blackberries<br />
(ii) Cannabis <br />
(iii) Grapes <br />
(iv) Pineapple<br />
(v) Sugarcane <br />
(Write any four of each)</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write four lines on each of the following:<br />
(a) Budding<br />
(b) Grafting<br />
(c) Layering</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Budding - Here a single bud instead of a branch is grafted on the stock. In about two weeks, the bud unites with the stock after which the stock just above the bud is cut off. Budding is usually done in rainy season. Budding is carried out in plants like lemon and hibiscus.<br />
(b) Grafting - Here a detached part of one plant called scion, is inserted into the stem of a rooted plant called stock. Scion is a short piece of detached shoot containing several buds. After a few days, vascular connection is established between the joined parts and parenchyma tissue develops at the junction of the graft. Examples of plants in which grafting is carried out are apple, pear, mango and guava.<br />
(c) Layering - In layering, an intact branch is bent into the soil and is covered with moist soil. The growing tip remains above the soil. When roots arise in the branch region in contact with soil, it is separated from the parent plant. Within a few weeks, a new plant can be propagated by this method. Examples of plants in which layering is carried out are cherry, jasmine and grapevine.</div>
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Question 13</div>
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Name the parts of the plants used to grow following flower:<br />
(a) Dahlia<br />
(b) Rose<br />
(c) Lily<br />
(d) Gladiolus<br />
(e) China rose</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Tubers <br />
(b) Stem cutting<br />
(c) Bulb<br />
(d) Corm <br />
(e) Stem cutting</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the name of the plant that reproduces vegetatively by:<br />
(a) Stem-cutting<br />
(b) Bulbils<br />
(c) Leaves<br />
(d) Underground stem<br />
(e) Grafting</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Sugarcane<br />
(b) Agave/ Oxalis<br />
(c) Bryophyllum<br />
(d) Potato<br />
(e) Apple</div>
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Question 15</div>
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What do you understand by hybridisation?</div>
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Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
Hybridisation is the crossing of two plants differing in one or more genetic characters to obtain a new individual or variety.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-4090829072350117202020-03-22T21:34:00.001-07:002020-03-22T21:34:07.498-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 4 - Tissues<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 4 - Tissues</h2>
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Chapter 4 - Tissues Exercise 41</h2>
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Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a permanent tissue? It is of how many types?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Permanent tissue is a group of cells which temporarily or permanently cease to divide and thus assume permanent form and function.<br />
Permanent tissues are of three types - simple tissues, complex tissues and special tissues.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is sclerenchyma? Explain its importance in plants.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Sclerenchyma is a type of simple tissue present commonly in roots, stems, leaves and petioles. Its cells are dead, elongated and narrow with thickened and lignified cell walls. Sclerenchyma is of two types i.e. fibres and sclerids.<br />
Sclerenchyma gives strength, rigidity and flexibility to the plant body, thus enabling it to withstand various strains.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain type and function of xylem tissues.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Xylem is a complex plant tissue composed of several types of cells which are:<br />
(i) Tracheids - These cells are long and tubular with thick, rigid and lignified walls and pointed ends. Tracheids are present in all vascular plants. These conduct water and minerals from root to stem.<br />
(ii) Vessels - These are long cylindrical cells with lignified walls, placed one above the other to form a pipe like structure. They participate in the conduction of water and minerals.<br />
(iii) Xylem fibres - These are sclerenchymatous fibres found attached to xylem. These provide strength to the plant organs.<br />
(iv) Xylem parenchyma - This is the living component of xylem. Xylem parenchyma is composed of simple parenchyma cells found in xylem. These are connected with tracheids or vessels through simple or bordered pits. Their function is to store food material.<br />
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Tissues" height="436" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145982_sw12.GIF" width="268" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a phloem? Name the components of it.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Phloem is a complex plant tissue found in all parts of the plant like roots, stems and leaves and is mainly responsible for the conduction of organic food prepared by the plant. <br />
Phloem is made up of four components which are:<br />
(i) Sieve tubes<br />
(ii) Companion cells<br />
(iii) Phloem parenchyma<br />
(iv) Phloem fibres</div>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 4 - Tissues Exercise 42</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Why is blood called a tissue? Give reasons.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Blood is called a tissue since it contains many blood cells i.e. RBCs, WBCs and platelets working together to perform a common function. Blood connects the body systems together bringing the needed oxygen, nutrients, hormones and other signaling molecules, and removing the wastes.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give structure, types and functions in brief of any two of the following:<br />
(i) Epithelial tissue<br />
(ii) Muscular tissue<br />
(iii) Connective tissue<br />
(iv) Nervous tissue</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) <strong>Epithelial tissue:</strong><br />
<strong>Structure:</strong> The cells of epithelium are compactly placed, tightly held together and form a continuous sheet. Epithelial cells are supported below on a basement membrane. These cells may be of different shapes and sizes. <br />
<strong>Types:</strong><br />
There are two main types of epithelial tissues which are:<br />
(a) Simple and <br />
(b) Compound<br />
<strong>Functions:</strong><br />
(i) It forms a protective layer over the body and protects the underlying cells from drying up, injury, germs and harmful chemicals.<br />
(ii) It absorbs water and other nutrients inside the body.<br />
(iii) Some of these cells secrete ear wax, mucus, milk and digestive juices.<br />
<strong>(ii) Muscular tissue:</strong><br />
<strong>Structure</strong> - Muscle tissue consists of cells which are elongated and large-sized, hence they are also called muscle fibres. These fibres are of various sizes. Contractile proteins are present in the muscle cells which bring about their contraction and relaxation. The cytoplasm of muscle fibre is called sarcoplasm and is bounded by a membrane called sarcolemma.<br />
<strong>Types:</strong> Muscle tissue is of three types:<br />
(i) Striated muscle tissue<br />
(ii) Unstriated muscle tissue<br />
(iii) Cardiac muscle tissue<br />
<strong>Functions -</strong> <br />
(i) Muscles bring about all voluntary movements done by a person.<br />
(ii) All the involuntary movements needed to keep the body alive are possible due to muscles.<br />
<strong>(iii) Connective tissue</strong><br />
<strong>Structure -</strong> This tissue has homogenous matrix which forms its main bulk. The connective tissue cells are living, separated from each other and are few in number. The matrix varies in size and shape and may be solid, gel like or liquid. The nature of the matrix decides the function of the connective tissue.<br />
<strong>Types - </strong><br />
The following are the different types of connective tissue:<br />
(a) Loose areolar connective tissue<br />
(b) Fibrous connective tissue<br />
(c) Cartilage connective tissue<br />
(d) Bone<br />
(e) Fluid connective tissue<br />
<strong>Functions -</strong><br />
(i) Connective tissue connects and binds various organs of our body.<br />
(ii) It gives support to the body and forms the skeleton to provide a definite shape.<br />
(iii) It transports nutrients, hormones, oxygen and waste material within the body.<br />
(iv) <strong>Nervous tissue:</strong><br />
<strong>Structure -</strong> The cells of nervous tissue is called neuron. It is capable of transmitting signals or impulses within the body. Each neuron consists of a cell body or cyton with a nucleus and elongated hair like extensions called axons and dendrites. Axons bundle together to form the nerve.<br />
<strong>Functions -</strong> Nervous tissue is found in brain, spinal cord and nerves. It carries out transmission of signals or impulses within the body.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) - (v)<br />
(b) - (i)<br />
(c) - (iv)<br />
(d) - (ii)<br />
(e) - (vi)<br />
(f) - (iii)</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the tissue associated with the following:<br />
(i) Conduction of nerve impulse.<br />
(ii) Rhythmic movement of the heart beat.<br />
(iii) A man becoming fat.<br />
(iv) Conduction of water in the plant body.<br />
(v) Movement of food in the plant body</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Nervous tissue<br />
(ii) Cardiac muscle tissue<br />
(iii) Adipose tissue<br />
(iv) Xylem<br />
(v) Phloem</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name three kinds of muscles found in the human body giving one example of each.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
The three kinds of muscles found in human body are:<br />
(i) Striated muscle - An example is leg muscle<br />
(ii) Unstriated muscle - An example is muscles in walls of uterus<br />
(iii) Cardiac muscle - An example is heart muscle</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write one word for the following:<br />
(i) A group of similar cells which perform specific functions.<br />
(ii) An organism whose body is made up of a single cell.<br />
(iii) A group of tissues forming a new structure.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Tissue<br />
(ii) Unicellular organism<br />
(iii) Organ</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the tissues found<br />
(i) at the outer layer of skin.<br />
(ii) at the tip of a growing stem.<br />
(iii) at the joints of two bones.<br />
(iv) at the inner lining of the trachea.<br />
(vi) in the testes and ovaries.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Stratified epithelial tissue<br />
(ii) Apical meristem<br />
(iii) Ligament<br />
(iv) Ciliated epithelium<br />
(v) Cuboidal epithelium</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give an outline classification of a plant or an animal tissue.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Where is cartilage found in man? How does it differ from bone?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Tissues" height="286" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146132_sw17.GIF" width="560" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write 'True or False' for the following statements:<br />
(i) Sclerenchyma cells have intercellular spaces.<br />
(ii) The end of bones are connected with ligaments.<br />
(iii) A vascular bundle conducts prepared food only.<br />
(iv) A tracheid is longer than a vessel.<br />
(v) Unicellular glands are called as globet cells.<br />
(vi) Fibroblast cells are phagocytic in nature.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) False<br />
(ii) True<br />
(iii) False<br />
(iv) True<br />
(v) True<br />
(vi) True</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four answers. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Hard lignified thick walled, long and pointed cells in a plant are<br />
(a) parenchyma<br />
(b) sclerenchyma<br />
(c) collenchyma<br />
(d) sclereids<br />
(ii) A group of cells alike in form, function and origin is called<br />
(a) organ<br />
(b) organelles<br />
(c) tissue<br />
(d) none of the above<br />
(iii) A component of xylem is<br />
(a) sieve tube<br />
(b) sclereid<br />
(c) medullary ray<br />
(d) tracheid<br />
(iv) The parenchymatous tissue is<br />
(a) dead<br />
(b) thin walled and living<br />
(c) thick-walled<br />
(d) made up of cellulose<br />
(v) Collenchymatous hypodermis is found in<br />
(a) monocot roots<br />
(b) dicot roots<br />
(c) monocot stems<br />
(d) dicot stems<br />
(vi) Phloem parenchyma, sclerenchyma, sieve tubes and companion cells are found in<br />
(a) xylem<br />
(b) phloem<br />
(c) cambium<br />
(d) cortex<br />
(vii) Lymph can be defined as<br />
(a) blood devoid of RBCs<br />
(b) blood devoid of WBCs<br />
(c) blood devoid of corpuscles<br />
(d) none of the above<br />
(viii) Connective tissue connects<br />
(a) one bone to another<br />
(b) two muscles<br />
(c) a bone to nerve<br />
(d) a muscle to nerve<br />
(ix) Cardiac muscles are<br />
(a) striated and voluntary<br />
(b) with ten mitochondria<br />
(c) non-striated<br />
(d) striated and involuntary<br />
(x) Blood is which type of tissue<br />
(a) vascular connective tissue<br />
(b) skeletal tissue<br />
(c) alveolar connective tissue<br />
(d) endodermal tissue</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (b) sclerenchyma<br />
(ii) (c) tissue<br />
(iii) (d) tracheid<br />
(iv) (b) thin walled and living<br />
(v) (d) dicot stems<br />
(vi) (b) phloem<br />
(vii) (a) blood devoid of RBCs<br />
(viii) (a) one bone to another<br />
(ix) (d) striated and involuntary<br />
(x) (a) vascular connective tissue</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(i) Tissue<br />
(ii) Vascular tissue<br />
(ii) Meristematic tissue<br />
(iv) Permanent tissue</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) Tissue is a group of cells of similar structure and function. <br />
(ii) Vascular tissue is the complex plant tissue in higher plants that is composed of xylem and phloem and is concerned with conducting water, minerals and organic food throughout the plant body.<br />
(iii) Meristematic tissue is a group of cells which constantly divide and produce cells indefinitely throughout the life of the plant.<br />
(iv) Permanent tissue refers to a group of cells which temporarily or permanently cease to divide and thus assume permanent form and function</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between:<br />
(i) Cell and Tissue<br />
(ii) Parenchyma and collenchyma<br />
(iii) Organ and organelle<br />
(iv) Collenchyma and Sclerenchyma<br />
(v) Nervous tissue and Nervous system<br />
(vi) Blood and Lymph <br />
(vii) Bone and Cartilage<br />
(viii) Tendon and Ligament</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Tissues" height="1127" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/146012_sw94.GIF" width="640" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give structure and functions of the following:<br />
(i) Sclerenchyma<br />
(ii) Collenchyma<br />
(iii) Bone<br />
(iv) Crystal<br />
(v) Phloem</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
How many types of epithelial tissues have you studied? Write their functions.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
There are two main types of epithelial tissues. These are:<br />
(a) Simple and <br />
(b) Compound<br />
Simple epithelial tissue is further divided into six sub-groups which are:<br />
(i) Columnar epithelium<br />
(ii) Ciliated epithelium<br />
(iii) Cuboidal epithelium<br />
(iv) Squamous epithelium<br />
(v) Glandular epithelium<br />
(vi) Sensory epithelium<br />
Compound epithelial tissue is of two types:<br />
(i) Stratified epithelium<br />
(ii) Transitional epithelium<br />
Functions of epithelial tissue are:<br />
(i) It forms a protective layer over the body and protects the underlying cells from drying up, injury, germs and harmful chemicals.<br />
(ii) It absorbs water and other nutrients inside the body.<br />
(iii) Some of these cells secrete ear wax, mucus, milk and digestive juices.</div>
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Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a nerve cell? Explain the importance of nervous tissue.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
Nerve cell or neuron is a cell of the nervous system, capable of transmitting signals or impulses within the body. Each neuron consists of a cell body or cyton with a nucleus and elongated hair like extensions called axons and dendrites. <br />
Nervous tissue is found in brain, spinal cord and nerves and carries out transmission of signals or impulses within the body.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-72595647651999982752020-03-22T21:26:00.002-07:002020-03-22T21:26:36.588-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 3 - The Cell - A Unit of Life<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 3 - The Cell - A Unit of Life</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 3 - The Cell - A Unit of Life Exercise 25</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Justify the statement "cell is the basic unit of life".</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
All living organisms are made up of cells. Cells are the building blocks of all organisms and they give structural and functional stability to the organisms. All the metabolic processes needed to keep an organism alive occur at the cellular level. Hence cell is said to be the basic unit of life.</div>
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Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Who proposed the Cell theory? Explain the main points of this theory.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
In 1839, M.J. Schleiden and T. Schwann proposed the cell theory. This was further expanded by Virchow in 1858. The main features of the cell theory as known at present are:<br />
(i) All living organisms are composed of cell. Hence cell is the structural unit of living organisms.<br />
(ii) All cells arise from pre-existing cells of the similar kind by cell division.<br />
(iii) The chemical composition and metabolism of all cells is basically alike.</div>
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the term cell? Also, describe types of cells.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Cell is the smallest structural and functional unit of all living organisms and is a membrane bound structure enclosing the protoplasm. <br />
The two types of cells are:<br />
(i) Prokaryotic cells - These cells lack a well-organised nucleus and membrane bound organelles. They are usually found in unicellular organisms, which are referred to as prokaryotes. Example of prokaryotes are bacteria and blue-green algae.<br />
(ii) Eukaryotic cells - These cells possess a well-organised nucleus and membrane bound organelles. Organisms made up of eukaryotic cells are called eukaryotes. Examples of eukaryotes are plants and animals.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name any five cell organelles.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
The organelles present in a typical cell are:<br />
(i) Mitochondria<br />
(ii) Endoplasmic reticulum<br />
(iii) Plastid<br />
(iv) Golgi body<br />
(v) Vacuoles<br />
(vi) Lysosomes<br />
(vii) Centrosomes <br />
(Write any 5)</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
What was the contribution of the following to our knowledge of cells?<br />
(a) Robert Hooke<br />
(b) Virchow<br />
(c) Schleiden<br />
(d) Schwann</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Robert Hooke discovered and named cells.<br />
(b) Virchow stated that new cells originate only from pre-existing cells (omnis cellula e cellula).<br />
(c) Schleiden found that all plant cells have essentially similar structure.<br />
(d) Schwann observed that all animal cells are basically similar and lack cell wall.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
How will you distinguish cell wall from plasma membrane?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Cell A Unit Of Life" height="139" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145812_sw5.GIF" width="498" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the function of the following?<br />
(a) Mitochondria<br />
(b) Ribosomes<br />
(c) Cell membrane</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Mitochondria - It is the powerhouse of the cell and provides energy for carrying out all the vital life activities of the cell.<br />
(b) Ribosomes - It is the site of protein synthesis.<br />
(c) Cell membrane - It gives definite shape to the cell, protects the internal cell contents and allows entry and exit of specific substances into and out of the cell.</div>
</div>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg26">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 3 - The Cell - A Unit of Life Exercise 26</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Expand - ER, SER and RER.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
ER - Endoplasmic Reticulum<br />
SER - Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum<br />
RER - Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
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Why is mitochondria called powerhouse of the cell?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Mitochondria contains enzymes necessary for the oxidation of carbohydrates and release energy needed for all vital life activities in the form of ATP. Hence they are called powerhouses of the cell.</div>
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Question 3</div>
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"Nucleus is controller of cell" - prove this statement.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Nucleus controls all the metabolic activities of the cell. It regulates cell division. Without nucleus, the cell dies and it cannot divide. Hence nucleus is the controller of cell.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is a chromosome? Describe its structure in brief.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give one main function of the following:<br />
(a) Chloroplast<br />
(b) Chromosomes<br />
(d) Endoplasmic Reticulum</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Chloroplasts are the kitchens of the cell. They trap solar energy and use it to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water by the process of photosynthesis.<br />
(b) Chromosomes are the hereditary material of the nucleus, concerned with the transmission of hereditary traits from parents to offspring.<br />
(c) Endoplasmic Reticulum increases the surface area of the cytoplasm for different metabolic activities of the cell.</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks with suitable words:<br />
(a) The single-celled alga ______ measures 10 cm in length.<br />
(b) DNA is abbreviated form of ______.<br />
(c) Cell ______ was proposed by Schleiden and Schwann.<br />
(d) The largest cell in the animal kingdom is that of ______ egg.<br />
(e) ______ controls all the metabolic activities of the cell.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Acetabularia<br />
(b) Deoxyribonucleic acid<br />
(c) Theory<br />
(d) Ostrich<br />
(e) Nucleus</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Cell A Unit Of Life" height="242" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145912_sw92.GIF" width="627" /></div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
Platform or work place for synthesis of proteins - Ribosomes<br />
Power house of cells - Mitochondria<br />
Help in formation of cell plate during cell division - Golgi complex<br />
Site for photosynthesis - Chloroplast<br />
Control tower of cell - Nucleus<br />
Structure bearing genes - Chromosomes</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Cell A Unit Of Life" height="246" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145922_sw9.GIF" width="503" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
a - Cell membrane<br />
b - Nucleus<br />
c - Chromatin<br />
d - Nuclear membrane<br />
e - SER<br />
f - Mitochondria<br />
g - Golgi vesicles <br />
h - Golgi complex<br />
i - RER<br />
j - Ribosomes</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Answer the following:<br />
(a) Who studied the cell first?<br />
(b) Who says that cell is the biological unit of body structure?<br />
(c) Which is the longest human cell?<br />
(d) Name the longest cell.<br />
(e) Where is energy stored in a cell?<br />
(f) Which is the smallest cell?<br />
(g) What do you mean by prokaryotic cell?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Robert Hooke<br />
(b) Schleiden and Schwann<br />
(c) Nerve cell<br />
(d) Fibres of ramie<br />
(e) ATP<br />
(f) The cell of Mycoplasma laidlawii<br />
(g) Cell lacking a well-organised nucleus and membrane bound organelles is called prokaryotic cell.</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are plastids? Write two of its main functions.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Plastids are self-replicating organelles present only in plant cells and absent in animal cells. They are of three types:<br />
(i) Chloroplast - Green coloured plastids (due to presence of chlorophyll)<br />
(ii) Chromoplast- Coloured plastids (except green colour) <br />
(iii) Leucoplast - Colourless plastids<br />
The main functions of plastids are:<br />
(i) Chloroplasts trap solar energy and use it to synthesize carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water by the process of photosynthesis.<br />
(ii) Chromoplasts attract insects and other animals to ensure pollination and dispersal of fruits.<br />
(iii) Leucoplasts store starch, proteins or lipids in cell.<br />
(Write any 2 functions)</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Why are lysosomes called suicidal bags?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
During starvation, lysosomes burst and release their powerful enzymes, which act on their own cellular organelles and digest them. This results in cell death. Hence lysosomes are called suicidal bags.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg27">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 3 - The Cell - A Unit of Life Exercise 27</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - The Cell A Unit Of Life" height="246" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145942_sw10.GIF" width="489" /></div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
a - Plasmodesmata <br />
b - Nucleolus<br />
c - Mitochondria<br />
d - Golgi apparatus<br />
e - Chloroplast<br />
f - cell membrane <br />
g - cell membrane<br />
h - ER<br />
i - Microtubule</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Cell theory states<br />
(a) all cells have nucleus.<br />
(b) all cells are living.<br />
(c) cell reproduces by mitosis and meiosis.<br />
(d) cells are functional and structural unit of plants and animals.<br />
(ii) Chromosomes are made up of<br />
(a) DNA (b) RNA (c) protein (d) by all the above three <br />
(iii) Organelles found in plants only are<br />
(a) golgi body (b) mitochondria<br />
(c) plastid (d) ribosome<br />
(iv) A prokaryotic cell doesn't have<br />
(a) nucleus membrane<br />
(b) cell wall<br />
(c) cytoplasm<br />
(d) plasma membrane<br />
(v) Mitochondria was first seen by<br />
(a) Robert Hooke<br />
(b) Altman<br />
(c) Coliear<br />
(d) Banda<br />
(vi) The word cell was given by<br />
(a) Leeuwenhoek<br />
(b) Robert Hooke<br />
(c) Flamming<br />
(d) Robert Brown <br />
(vii) Cell was discovered by<br />
(a) Robert Hooke<br />
(b) Darwin<br />
(c) Lamarck<br />
(d) Khorana</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (d) cells are functional and structural unit of plants and animals<br />
(ii) (a) DNA<br />
(iii) (c) plastid<br />
(iv) (a) nucleus membrane<br />
(v) (b) Altman<br />
(vi) (b) Robert Hooke<br />
(vii) (a) Robert Hooke</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-19504738402438521772020-03-22T21:25:00.002-07:002020-03-22T21:25:44.508-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 2 - Being Alive - What is its Meaning?<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 2 - Being Alive - What is its Meaning?</h2>
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<div class="boxwrap" id="pg13">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 2 - Being Alive - What is its Meaning? Exercise 13</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Discuss the characteristics of living organism.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Characteristics of living organisms are:<br />
(i) All living organisms exhibit a definite shape and size. For example - Mango trees can be identified among all the other tress. Also tigers can be identified among other animals.<br />
(ii) All living beings show some type of body organization. Their body may be made of one cell in case of unicellular organisms or many cells in case of multicellular organisms. In multicellular organisms, cells are further organized into tissues, organs and organ systems.<br />
(iii) Living organisms show autotrophic or heterotrophic modes of nutrition. <br />
(iv) All living organisms respire continuously. During respiration, most organisms use up oxygen from environment and release carbon dioxide. This oxygen oxidizes food materials to release energy which is used to carry out the various life processes of the organism.<br />
(v) In all living organisms, many chemical processes occur in order to maintain life and this is called metabolism. Some of these processes are constructive called anabolic processes whereas others are destructive called catabolic processes.<br />
(vi) All living organisms show the characteristic feature of growth. From a small size at birth, living organisms grow due to formation of new cells and building up of protoplasm within cells. Example - A seedling growing into a small plant and then into a big tree.<br />
(vii) Reproduction helps in producing offsprings similar to parents and thus helps in maintaining continuity of race.<br />
(viii) All living organisms show some form of movement or another. This may be movement of the entire body from one place to another as seen in most animals, few plants and certain plant organs, or movement of a part of the body only.<br />
(ix) All living organisms excrete waste products of metabolism from their body.<br />
(x) Every living organism shows a definite life-cycle including four stages i.e. birth, growth, maturity and death. Every living organism has a definite life-span.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between the following:<br />
(a) Feeding and Nutrition<br />
(b) Ingestion and Egestion<br />
(c) Movement and Locomotion<br />
(d) Catabolic and Anabolic process<br />
(e) Autotrophic and Heterotrophic nutrition</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - Being Alive What Is Its Meaning" height="559" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145732_sw4.GIF" width="591" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Mention whether the following statements are true or false:<br />
(a) Only plants respire.<br />
(b) Animals show movement while the plants do not.<br />
(c) Plants can move from one place to another.<br />
(d) All plants have chlorophyll.<br />
(e) Animals and plants both require nutrition.<br />
(f) Generally, plants are autotrophic while animals are heterotrophic.<br />
(g) Plants grow throughout their life.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) False<br />
(b) False<br />
(c) False<br />
(d) False<br />
(e) True<br />
(f) True<br />
(g) True</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the living and non-living things. Is the growing of crystal of copper sulphate considered as a living character? Give reasons.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Organisms capable of performing all the vital activities of life like nutrition, growth, respiration, digestion and excretion etc. are called living organisms. Example - man, bird, fish, trees.<br />
Things which do not perform any vital life activities are called non-living things. Example - pen, table, stone, water, car etc. Non-living things require external energy for their movement (car, train etc.) or addition of particles from outside for increase in size (eg. increase in size of alum crystals in their concentrated solutions).<br />
Growing of the crystal of copper sulphate is not a living character. This is because the increase in its size is due to deposition of new material externally and not from within. This is known as extrinsic growth. In living organisms, growth occurs due to formation of new cells and building up of protoplasm within cells.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
A motor car moves, takes in oxygen and gives out carbon dioxide, consumes fuel but nevertheless is not a living creature. In what ways does it not quality as a living organism.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
A motor car requires external energy for its movement and also it does not perform the vital life activities on its own, hence it is not a living organism. A living organism has internal energy which is used for carrying out all its vital life activities.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Comment upon the following:<br />
(a) Irritability<br />
(b) Metabolism<br />
(c) Respiration<br />
(d) Cellular structure<br />
(e) Growth</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Irritability is a feature shown by living beings, but not non-living things. It refers to the ability of the organism to respond in accordance with internal or external environmental stimuli. Irritability is well-developed in animals due to the evolution of nervous system. An example is the immediate removal of hand from a hot object. Irritability is also shown by plants but it is not very prominent. <br />
<br />
(b) Metabolism - In all living organisms, many chemical processes occur constantly in order to maintain life and this is called metabolism. Metabolism includes two types of processes i.e. constructive and destructive. Only living organisms show metabolism.<br />
<br />
(c) Respiration - All living organisms respire continuously. During respiration, most organisms use up oxygen from environment and release carbon dioxide. <br />
<br />
(d) Cellular structure -All living organisms are made up of one or many cells. Each cell contains protoplasm wherein all the life activities are carried out. Protoplasm is surrounded by a thin, elastic plasma membrane. Plant cells possess an additional cell wall to provide rigidity to the cells. <br />
<br />
(e) Growth - All living organisms show the characteristic feature of growth.From a small size at birth, living organisms grow due to formation of new cells and building up of protoplasm within cells. Example - A seedling growing into a small plant and then into a big tree.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give four characters of living organisms.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
The characters of living organisms are:<br />
(i) Growth<br />
(ii) Reproduction<br />
(iii) Metabolism<br />
(iv) Respiration<br />
(v) Nutrition<br />
(vi) Movement and locomotion<br />
(vii) Definite form and size<br />
(viii) Reproduction<br />
(ix) Excretion<br />
(x) Irritability<br />
(Write any four)</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Justify that a rolling stone is a non-living object.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
A rolling stone just rolls down due to gravitational force acting on it. It will stop rolling once it reaches a hurdle or plain ground. Then it cannot roll or move on its own. It needs some external force to cause its movement. Hence it is a non-living object. A living organism would be able to move by itself using its own energy, without depending on external force.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Select out living, non-living and dead from the following:<br />
Egg, table, protoplasm, glass, coral, cactus, flower, seed, iron, leather, car, nail, cork.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Living - Egg, protoplasm, cactus, flower, seed<br />
Non-living - Table, glass, iron, car, nail<br />
Dead - Coral, leather, cork</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
State two example of movement in living things and non-living things each.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Examples of movement in living things - <br />
(i) Running of a lion<br />
(ii) Drooping of leaves<br />
Examples of movement in non-living things - <br />
(i) Running of train or car<br />
(ii) Rolling down of a stone</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following:<br />
(a) Life<br />
(b) Death<br />
(c) Locomotion<br />
(d) Reproduction</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Life is the condition that distinguishes organisms from inorganic objects and dead organisms. <br />
(b) Death is the cessation of all life activities in a living being due to weakening and losing of energy from them after completing their life span<br />
(c) Locomotion is the movement of the entire organism from one place to another.<br />
(d) Reproduction is the ability of living organisms to produce young ones that are similar to parents.</div>
</div>
</div>
<div class="boxwrap" id="pg14">
<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 2 - Being Alive - What is its Meaning? Exercise 14</h2>
<div class="solnbox">
<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question has four options. Choose the correct answer:<br />
(i) Life activities in living beings are performed by<br />
(a) protoplasm (b) water<br />
(c) cytoplasm (d) cell wall<br />
(ii) Which one of the following is dead?<br />
(a) Snake poison (b) Dried bone<br />
(c) Milk (d) Saliva<br />
(iii) Internal growth is present in<br />
(a) living (b) non-living<br />
(c) dead (d) crystal of copper sulphate<br />
(iv) Important character by which you can distinguish between living and non-living.<br />
(a) The capacity of locomotion.<br />
(b) The capacity for growth.<br />
(c) The capacity of synthesizing macromolecules.<br />
(d) The capacity to respond to the stimuli.<br />
(v) The structural unit of the body of living beings is<br />
(a) cell (b) tissue<br />
(c) organ (d) cytoplasm<br />
(vi) A life process that is not essential for the life of an individual but is essential for the survival of a species is<br />
(a) mutation (b) excretion<br />
(c) reproduction (d) respiration</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (a) Protoplasm<br />
(ii) (b) Dried bone<br />
(iii) (a) Living<br />
(iv) (d) The capacity to respond to the stimuli<br />
(v) (a) Cell<br />
(vi) (c) Reproduction</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</div>
<br /></div>
myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-45460120456996779912020-03-22T21:24:00.002-07:002020-03-22T21:24:40.996-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 1 - An Introduction<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Biology Chapter 1 - An Introduction</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 1 - An Introduction Exercise 6</h2>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is biology? What are the main branches of biology?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Biology is the branch of science dealing with the study of living organisms.<br />
The two main branches of Biology are Botany and Zoology.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define biology. Write the importance of biology in our daily life.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Biology is the branch of science dealing with the study of living organisms including their structure, evolution, growth and environment.<br />
Biology is important in our daily life in the following ways:<br />
(i) Food - Study of various food components helps in understanding balanced diet and its significance. We get food directly or indirectly through agriculture, which is helped by the studies of different branches of Biology.<br />
(ii) Health - Biology helps us to understand structure and functions of our various body parts as well the various diseases that we suffer from and their cure. <br />
(iii) Agriculture - Biology helps us to increase the overall agricultural production by providing knowledge about new methods of farming, improved seed varieties and crop protection against many diseases.<br />
(iv) Clothes - Materials for making clothes like wool, fur and silk are obtained from animals whereas cotton is obtained from plants. Biology deals with these animals and plants.<br />
(v) Industry - Many industries are based on animal and plant products like leather, horn, shells, honey, wax, pearl, wood, rubber etc. Increased manufacture of these products can be achieved using the knowledge of Biology.<br />
(vi) Human Diseases - Many animals cause and transmit diseases. Also many animals are used for testing new drugs before use on humans. The tremendous advances in human physiology, medicine and surgery have come from the study of zoology. <br />
(vii) Aesthetic value - We keep many animals like birds, fishes and butterflies for entertainment and hobby. Visiting gardens and parks also gives us aesthetic pleasure. Biology helps in the study of these animals and plants to provide us better aesthetic value.<br />
(viii) Improvement of domestic animals - Raising improved breeds of domestic animals gives better yields and this is made possible by zoology and genetics.<br />
(ix) Space research - Biology helps in man's quest of knowing about extra terrestrial life.</div>
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
List the various differences between the animals and the plants.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - An Introduction" height="530" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145542_sw1.GIF" width="594" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the advantages of study of biology?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Study of Biology is advantageous to us in many ways. These are:<br />
(i) It helps us to <strong>understand ourselves better</strong> such as our body activities, our hereditary, our evolution, need for food, life and death etc.<br />
(ii) It helps us to <strong>remain healthy</strong> and fit by knowing our body structure and functioning.<br />
(iii) It tells us about the types of <strong>human diseases</strong> and their causes. It also helps in the prevention and cure of human diseases.<br />
(iv) Biology ensures <strong>maximum utilization of resources available</strong> to us such as increasing crop production, improving breeds of useful animals, using microbes in food, industry and medicine, curing diseases and overall improving the quality of life.<br />
(v) It informs us about the negative consequences of <strong>excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides</strong> like degradation of soil quality and harming living beings including humans through food chains.<br />
(vi) Biology tells us about the problems of <strong>deforestation</strong> and its effects on the environment.<br />
(vii) It makes us aware about the causes and harmful effects of <strong>pollution</strong> and ways of controlling it.<br />
(viii) Biology stresses the need for conservation of natural resources, so that they are available to future generations.<br />
(ix) It informs us about our responsibility towards other forms of life and our planet at large, for sustainable living.<br />
(x) It makes us aware of the need to maintain the delicately balanced ecosystem containing various food chains and food webs. <br />
(xi) Biology solves many problems facing mankind such as eradication of fatal diseases, decreasing environmental pollution, increasing food supply, recharging fresh water resources etc.</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe five main branches of biology.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
The five main branches of Biology are:<br />
(i) Zoology - It is the study of animals<br />
(ii) Botany - It refers to the study of plants<br />
(iii) Microbiology - It refers to the study of microorganisms<br />
(iv) Ecology- It deals with the study of relationship between living organisms and their environment.<br />
(v) Pathology- It deals with the study of different types of plant and animal diseases.</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write down the definition of zoology and botany.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
Zoology is the branch of Biology dealing with the study of animals.<br />
Botany is the branch of Biology dealing with the study of plants.</div>
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Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define the following terms:<br />
(a) Morphology<br />
(b) Histology<br />
(c) Ecology<br />
(d) Genetics<br />
(e) Biochemistry<br />
(f) Pathology</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Morphology is the study of the form and structure of living organisms.<br />
(b) The study of tissues of organisms with the help of microscopes is called histology.<br />
(c) Ecology is the branch of biology dealing with the study and relationship of environment with living organisms and its effect on structure, distribution and habitat.<br />
(d) Genetics is defined as the study of heredity and inheritance.<br />
(e) Biochemistry is the study of the metabolic activities of chemical materials.<br />
(f) Pathology is the branch of Biology dealing with the study of different types of plant and animal diseases, their symptoms, causative agents and methods of control.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Answer the following in one word or a sentence:<br />
(a) In which branch of biology you learn about fossils?<br />
(b) Who is known as the father of biology?<br />
(c) Who coined the term biology and when?<br />
(d) In which branch of biology do you study the relationship between organism and environment?<br />
(e) In which branch of biology do you study the borne deformities of human beings?<br />
(f) Who is known as the father of botany?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Paleontology / Palaeobiology<br />
(b) The Greek philosopher, Aristotle<br />
(c) Lamarck and Treviranus coined the term Biology in 1801.<br />
(d) Ecology<br />
(e) Teratology<br />
(f) Theophrastus</div>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 1 - An Introduction Exercise 7</h2>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between the following pairs of terms:<br />
(a) Zoology and Entomology<br />
(b) Mycology and Virology<br />
(c) Pathology and Microbiology<br />
(d) Palaeobotany and palaeozoology<br />
(e) Genetics and Cytology</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - An Introduction" height="336" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145612_sw3.GIF" width="605" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name any three areas of biology which have specially developed recently.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
Areas of Biology which have developed recently are:<br />
(i) Enzymology<br />
(ii) Immunology<br />
(iii) Genetic Engineering<br />
(iv) Radiation Biology<br />
(v) Forensic Science<br />
(vi) Biophysics<br />
(vii) Cybernetics<br />
(Write any three)</div>
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Every question below has four options. Choose the correct answer.<br />
(i) The biology is the study of<br />
(a) human body<br />
(b) all living beings<br />
(c) animals only<br />
(d) digestion in animals<br />
(ii) Which sequence forms the system?<br />
(a) Cell, organ system and tissue<br />
(b) Cell, tissue, organ system<br />
(c) Cell, organ tissue system<br />
(d) Organ, cell, tissue system<br />
(iii) The term biology was coined by<br />
(a) Lamarck and Treviranus<br />
(b) Theophrastus<br />
(c) Huxley<br />
(d) Purkinje<br />
(iv) Plants and animals are similar in <br />
(a) respiration in day only<br />
(b) respiration in night only<br />
(c) respire all the time<br />
(d) respiration whenever necessary<br />
(v) The branch of biology which deals with the study of heredity is<br />
(a) cytology<br />
(b) genetics<br />
(c) genetic engineering<br />
(d) eugenics</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) (b) All living beings<br />
(ii) (b) Cell, tissue, organ system<br />
(iii) (a) Lamarck and Treviranus<br />
(iv) (c) respire all the time<br />
(v) (b) genetics</div>
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<div class="txtqueswrap">
<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Biology Chapter - An Introduction" height="235" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/145602_sw2.GIF" width="444" /></div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Physiology - Vital activities<br />
Microbiology - Microbes <br />
Embryology - Life-cycle <br />
Entomolgy - Insects <br />
Cytology - Cells <br />
Histology - Tissues</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-3065754312217579452020-03-22T09:45:00.002-07:002020-03-22T09:45:22.479-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry Chapter 11 - Practical Work<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry Chapter 11 - Practical Work</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 11 - Practical Work Exercise 170</h2>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is sublimation? Give two examples.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
On heating certain solids they don't melt and directly get converted to their gaseous form, this process of direct conversion of solids to their gaseous form is called as sublimation. For ex: camphor and ammonium chloride undergo sublimation.</div>
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Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give atleast three parameters which should be determined to test quality of water and also give their standards available.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is decrepitation? Which salt decrepitate on heating?</div>
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Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Decrepitation is a process of breaking up of solid particles on heating, which makes a crackling sound. Lead nitrate decrepitate on heating.<br />
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Practical Work" height="23" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/105911_va.47.GIF" width="257" /><br />
Lead nitrate</div>
</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give the colour of the following compounds:<br />
(a) Zn(NO)<sub>3</sub><br />
(b) Cu(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub><br />
(c) CuSO<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O<br />
(d) CuSO<sub>4</sub><br />
(e) K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub><br />
(f) PbS</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Zn(NO)3 = white<br />
(b) Cu(NO3)2 = blue<br />
(c) CuSO<sub>4</sub>.5H<sub>2</sub>O = blue<br />
(d) CuSO<sub>4</sub> = pale green<br />
(e) K<sub>2</sub>Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>7</sub> = orange<br />
(f) PbS = black</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
How will you distinguish between:<br />
(a) NH<sub>3</sub> and Cl<sub>2</sub><br />
(b) CO<sub>2</sub> and SO<sub>2</sub><br />
(c) H<sub>2</sub>S and SO<sub>2</sub><br />
(d) H<sub>2</sub> and O<sub>2</sub></div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Practical Work" height="491" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/105931_va.48.GIF" width="646" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
Differentiate between <br />
(a) Hard water and soft water<br />
(b) Temporary hardness and permanent hardness<br />
(c) Soaps and detergents</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Practical Work" height="257" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/105941_va.49.GIF" width="647" /></div>
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Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
(a) What chemical test you can perform in laboratory to verify that given piece of metal is zinc not copper?<br />
(b) Give a chemical test to distinguish between Na<sub>2</sub>S and Na<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>3</sub>.<br />
(c) How will you perform a flame test for sodium?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Practical Work" height="617" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/105951_va.50.GIF" width="681" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
Describe the effect of heat on the following, and also write equations for each.<br />
(a) Copper carbonate<br />
(b) Washing soda<br />
(c) Lead nitrate<br />
(d) Ammonium chloride</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
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Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
Fill in the blanks:<br />
(a) The gas with ______ smell is hydrogen sulphide.<br />
(b) Smell of sulphur dioxide is like that of ______.<br />
(c) A gas with irritating odour is ______.<br />
(d) ______ turns red litmus paper blue.<br />
(e) The formula of lime water is ______.<br />
(f) The ______ colour is imparted to flame by potassium.<br />
(g) The calcium imparts ______ colour to the flame.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
(a) Rotten egg<br />
(b) Burning sulphur<br />
(c) Nitrogen dioxide<br />
(d) Alkali<br />
(e) Ca(OH)<sub>2</sub><br />
(f) Lilac<br />
(g) Brick-red</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
What do you understand by point and non point sources of water pollution?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
Point sources of water pollution: Sources of water pollution that discharge directly into the water source are called as point sources of water pollution.<br />
For ex: factories<br />
Non point sources of water pollution: sources of water pollution that remain scattered and don't have specific locations for the discharge of pollutants into particular water bodies are called as non point sources of water pollution.<br />
For ex: run off from fields.</div>
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myhelper.tkhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/07846468498776613614noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-3309853935994190206.post-73239510053084421812020-03-22T09:44:00.002-07:002020-03-22T09:44:17.322-07:00FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry Chapter 10 - Atmospheric Pollution<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h2 style="text-align: center;">
FRANK Solutions for Class 9 Chemistry Chapter 10 - Atmospheric Pollution</h2>
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<h2 class="titleHead">
Chapter 10 - Atmospheric Pollution Exercise 158</h2>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 1</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is acid rain? Name two air pollutants that cause acid rain.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 1</div>
<div class="solncont">
Acid rain is the rain that has an excessive amount of acid in it than that of normal. Two air pollutants that cause acid rain are-<br />
(i) Oxides of nitrogen<br />
(ii) Oxides of sulphur</div>
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<div class="solnbox">
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<div class="questtl">
Question 2</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is the ozone layer formed?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 2</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Atmospheric Pollution" height="176" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/106211_va.53.GIF" width="624" /></div>
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Question 3</div>
<div class="quescont">
Write a short note on "Greenhouse effect".</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 3</div>
<div class="solncont">
Greenhouse effect means the progressive warming up of the earth's surface due to the blanketing effect of man made carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Greenhouse is a glasshouse with plants inside and which allows short wave, incoming solar radiation to come in but does not allow the long wave,i.e. outgoing infrared radiation to escape from inside the structure. Some of the gases in the earth's atmosphere act like the glass in a greenhouse.They trap sun's heat and keep the surface of the earth warm. Carbon dioxide and water vapour act as a greenhouse.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 4</div>
<div class="quescont">
Explain global warming.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 4</div>
<div class="solncont">
Global warming is rise in the average global earth temperature . An increase in the average temperature of the earth's atmosphere due to greenhouse effect which can have far reaching effects on the climate and consequently on the key life, support systems of the planet, and this phenomenon is called global warming.</div>
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Question 5</div>
<div class="quescont">
Draw a diagram to show greenhouse effect.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 5</div>
<div class="solncont">
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Atmospheric Pollution" height="275" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/106251_va.54.GIF" width="540" /></div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 6</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the effects on environment by global warming?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 6</div>
<div class="solncont">
(i) The warmer climate is changing the patterns of rainfall and snowfall.<br />
(ii) It causes increase in the frequency and severity of drought and flood also.<br />
(iii) It is affecting our resources like water,forests and different ecological systems.<br />
(iv) It also cause frequent natural disasters like cyclones, storms and hurricanes,floods and droughts.<br />
(v) The global warming is damaging various ecosystems like mangrove-swamps , coral reefs and coastal lagoons, etc. due to various reasons like reduction in pH of oceanic water and increasing deposits of acids.<br />
(vi) It is damaging the world biodiversity. Vast varieties of birds, reptiles, insects, bacteria, fungi, rodents etc.have vanished out due to these effects.</div>
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Question 7</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is ozone hole?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 7</div>
<div class="solncont">
It has been found that in every southern spring(September-October) 50-95 % of stratospheric ozone is destroyed at a height of 15-24 kms above 'Antarctica' creating pockets which have been described as ozone hole.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 8</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the adverse effects of ozone layer depletion?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 8</div>
<div class="solncont">
The adverse effects of ozone layer depletion are-<br />
(i) UV radiation causes sun-eye diseases (cataract), skin diseases, skin cancer and damage to immune system in our body.<br />
(ii) It damages plants and causes reduction in crop productivity.<br />
(iii) It damages embryos of fish, shrimps, crabs and amphibians.<br />
(iv) UV radiation damage fabrics, pipes, paints and other non-living materials on this earth.<br />
(v) It contributes in the global warming. If the ozone depletion continues, the temperature around the world may rise at faster rate and to a large extent.</div>
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Question 9</div>
<div class="quescont">
How greenhouse effect is useful for the existence of life on the earth?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 9</div>
<div class="solncont">
Natural greenhouse effect is a process of thermal blanketing of the earth which maintains its temperature to sustain life on it. Without greenhouse effect, the climate of the earth would be too cold for most of the life to survive.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 10</div>
<div class="quescont">
How global warming is connected to greenhouse effects?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 10</div>
<div class="solncont">
The effect of warming and insulation of the earth caused due to some heat trapping gases accumulated in the atmosphere after their emission from the earth surface is called as greenhouse effect. Due to this there is rise in the average global earth temperature called global warming.</div>
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Question 11</div>
<div class="quescont">
How does the ozone layer protect life on this planet?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 11</div>
<div class="solncont">
When an ozone molecule is hit by UV wavelengths, it absorbs the radiant energy and photo dissociates into O<sub>2</sub> and O giving off heat. Thus, keeps the UV radiation from reaching the earth's surface and also causes a temperature inversion in the stratosphere that helps to maintain relatively stable climatic conditions on and near the ground.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 12</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is the affect of acid rain on forests?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 12</div>
<div class="solncont">
Acid rain is responsible for retarding forest's growth and other vegetation. Acid rain makes the soil acidic and adversely affects the plants.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 13</div>
<div class="quescont">
Give sources of major greenhouse gases.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 13</div>
<div class="solncont">
Sources of major greenhouse gases are-<br />
(i) Natural sources<br />
(ii) Fossil fuel combustion (coal, oil, natural gas)<br />
(iii) Biomass burning and garbage landfills<br />
(iv) Coal mines and natural gas leaks<br />
(v) Paddy fields, swamps and tundra.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 14</div>
<div class="quescont">
How is acid rain formed? Explain.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 14</div>
<div class="solncont">
70% of acid rain is due to sulphur dioxide. Oxides of sulphur and nitrogen released into atmosphere from number of sources.These oxides of nitrogen gets converted into nitrogen dioxide(NO<sub>2</sub>) which reacts with water to form nitric acid.Similarly, sulphur dioxide reacts with atmospheric oxygen to form sulphur trioxide which with water forms sulphuric acid.These come down on earth as acid rain.</div>
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Question 15</div>
<div class="quescont">
What measures can be taken to reduce acid rain?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 15</div>
<div class="solncont">
Acid rain can be reducd by-<br />
(i) There should be reduction in fossil fuel combustion.<br />
(ii) Use of alternate cleaner energy sources should be encouraged. Eg-nuclear power, hydro power, wind energy, solar energy etc.<br />
(iii) Air filters and scrubbers are fitted in tall industrial chimneys to control air pollution.<br />
(iv) Catalytic converters in vehicle reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from automobiles.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 16</div>
<div class="quescont">
What are the impact of acid rain on the environment?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 16</div>
<div class="solncont">
Acid rain cause extensive damage to the environment. <br />
(i) Vegetation - The acid rain makes the soil acidic. This adversely affects the plants and animals. This damages leaves of plants and trees. This is responsible for retarding forests and other vegetation.<br />
(ii) Fertility of soil - The activity of symbiotic nitrogen fixing bacteria present in the nodules of leguminous family is inhibited. This is responsible for destroying or reducing the fertility of the soil.<br />
(iii) Water bodies - Acid rain renders the river, lakes or even ocean water acidic, there by adversely affecting marine animals. Changes in pH affect the reproduction and survival of many species of fish and other animals.<br />
(iv) Buildings and monuments-Acid rain cause extensive damage to the buildings and monuments made from marbles, limestone, slate and mortar<br />
<img alt="Frank Solutions Icse Class 9 Chemistry Chapter - Atmospheric Pollution" height="56" src="https://images.topperlearning.com/topper/bookquestions/106161_va.77.GIF" width="400" /><br />
(v) Ecological balance - Acid rain is responsible for wiping out many bacterial and blue green algae, so disrupting the whole ecological balance.<br />
(vi) Human health - Acid rain has been found to be dangerous to human health. Acidic conditions can affect human nervous, respiratory and digestive systems.</div>
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Question 17</div>
<div class="quescont">
Define air pollution.</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 17</div>
<div class="solncont">
Air pollution is a harmful change in the natural air quality. It includes all physical, chemical and biological agents that modify the natural characteristics of the atmosphere.</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 18</div>
<div class="quescont">
What is ozone?</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 18</div>
<div class="solncont">
Ozone is an allotrope of oxygen. It has three oxygen atoms and its molecular formula is O<sub>3</sub>.It is an unstable blue gas having pungent odour found in troposphere. It is used as a powerful oxidant, bleach and water purifier.</div>
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Question 19</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the gases causing ozone depletion?</div>
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<div class="solnttl">
Solution 19</div>
<div class="solncont">
The gases causing ozone depletion are-<br />
(i) Chlorofluoro carbons(CFCs or freons)<br />
(ii) Methane<br />
(iii) Nitrous oxides<br />
(iv) Carbon tetrachloride<br />
(v) Methyl bromide(a soil fumigant and insecticide)<br />
(vi) Aircraft emission <br />
(vii) n-propyl bromide and Halon-1202</div>
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<div class="questtl">
Question 20</div>
<div class="quescont">
Name the greenhouse gases.</div>
</div>
<div class="solnttl">
Solution 20</div>
<div class="solncont">
Greenhouse gases are-<br />
(i) Water vapour(H<sub>2</sub>O)<br />
(ii) Carbon dioxide(CO<sub>2</sub>)<br />
(iii) Methane(CH<sub>4</sub>)<br />
(iv) Oxides of nitrogen(NOx)</div>
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